Izimpawu, Ukwelashwa kanye nokudla komdlavuza wesinye

Amaphuzu avelele

Ukudla okudliwayo okunokudla okuqukethe i-carotenoids yokudla njenge-beta-cryptoxanthin, i-alpha / i-beta-carotene, i-lutein ne-zeaxanthin, i-Vitamin E, i-Selenium, i-yogurt, izithelo ezomisiwe, imifino ye-cruciferous efana ne-broccoli, amahlumela ase-brussels, iklabishi, ukholifulawa ne-kale, nezithelo kungehlisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesinye. Kodwa-ke, gwema ukudla okuningi okufana nenyama ebomvu nocubunguliwe, ukuhlafuna amantongomane e-areca, ukusebenzisa i-arsenic equkethe amanzi, ukuthatha amaqanda athosiwe nezinto zokuphila njengokubhema ugwayi njengoba kungakhuphula ubungozi besifo somdlavuza wesinye, kuthinte ukubikezela kanye nemiphumela yokwelashwa, kube kubi kakhulu izimpawu, noma wandise amathuba okuba nomdlavuza uphinde ubuye.

Isifo Somdlavuza Wesinye

Umdlavuza wesinye umdlavuza oqala olwelweni lwesinye somchamo. Ungumdlavuza wesi-6 ovame ukwenzeka emadodeni kanti owe-17 uvame ukwenzeka umdlavuza kwabesifazane. Futhi ungomunye wemidlavuza eyi-10 evame ukwenzeka emhlabeni. Ngo-2018, kwabikwa amacala amasha angu-5,49,393. (I-Globocan 2018)

Abantu abangaphezu kwama-90% abanalo mdlavuza badala kuneminyaka engama-55. Iminyaka yobudala yabantu abatholakala benalo mdlavuza yiminyaka engama-73. Isibikezelo somdlavuza wesinye singahle sisuke kokuhle siye kokuncane ngokuya ngohlobo, ibanga nesigaba somdlavuza. Ukubikezelwa kwesifo somdlavuza wesinye kungabuye kuncike ekutheni isiguli sisabela kanjani ekwelashweni, nezinto ezifana nobudala, impilo ejwayelekile nomlando wezokwelapha. Izinga lokusinda leminyaka emihlanu labantu abanalo mdlavuza lingama-5%. (I-American Society of Clinical Oncology)

Izici zobungozi ezivame kakhulu zomdlavuza wesisu zihlanganisa:

• Ukuchayeka ezintweni eziyingozi
• Ukubhema Ugwayi
• Xhumana namakhemikhali athile asetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni

Izinhlobo Zomdlavuza Wesinye 

Ngokusekelwe ngezinga lokusabalala kwe umdlavuza, umdlavuza wesinye ngokuvamile uhlukaniswa ngokuthi:

1. Umdlavuza Wesisu Ongenawo umsipha: lapho amaseli anomdlavuza aqukethwe ngaphakathi kolwelwesi lwesinye.
2. Umdlavuza Wesisu Ohlasela Imisipha: lapho amaseli anomdlavuza esakazeka ngaphesheya kolwelwesi, angene emisipheni yesinye esiseduze.
3. I-Metastatic Cancer Cancer: lapho umdlavuza usakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba

Ngokuya ngokuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza abukeka kanjani ngaphansi kwe-microscope, lo mdlavuza ungabuye uhlelwe njenge:

1. I-Urothelial carcinoma noma iTransitional Cell Carcinoma noma i-TCC: eqala kumaseli we-urothelial atholakala emgodini we-urinary.
2. I-squamous cell carcinoma: ekhula engxenyeni yesinye ekuphenduleni ukucasuka nokuvuvukala.
3. I-Adenocarcinoma: ephuma kumaseli wezindlala.

Iziguli ezinomdlavuza wesinye se-metastatic ngokuvamile zinezibikezelo ezimbi.

Izimpawu Zomdlavuza Wesinye

Esinye sezibonakaliso ezivame kakhulu zomdlavuza wesisu kufaka igazi emchameni, ngokwezokwelapha elaziwa njenge-hematuria, elingadala ukuthi umchamo ubonakale ubomvu ngokugqamile futhi uvame ukungabi buhlungu. 

Ezinye izibonakaliso nezimpawu zomdlavuza wesisu zihlanganisa:

• Ukwanda kwemvamisa yokuchama
• Ngokushesha unxusa ukuchama
• Umuzwa ovuthayo ngenkathi uchama

Izigaba ezithuthukile zomdlavuza wesinye zingakhombisa nezimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Ukwehla kwesisindo okungahlosiwe
• Ukuhlungu obusemhlane
• Ubuhlungu be-pelvic 
• Ubuhlungu be-Bone
• Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze

Uma noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu noma izimpawu zomdlavuza wesinye ziqashelwa, umuntu kufanele azihlole ngudokotela.

Ukwelashwa Komdlavuza Wesinye

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wesinye kuncike ezintweni ezahlukahlukene ezinjengohlobo lomdlavuza, isigaba kanye nesigaba somdlavuza, impilo ejwayelekile nomlando wezokwelapha wesiguli. Izinketho zokwelashwa komdlavuza wesinye zibandakanya ukuhlinzwa, i-chemotherapy, i-radiation therapy, i-immunotherapy kanye nokwelashwa okuqondisiwe. Ukwelashwa noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe kungasetshenziswa ukususa noma ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza. I-intravesical chemotherapy noma i-chemotherapy esinyeni yenziwa uma umdlavuza onengozi enkulu yokuphindeka noma ukuqhubekela phambili ezigabeni eziphakeme uvinjelwe esinyeni. I-Systemic Chemotherapy noma i-chemo yomzimba wonke yenziwa ukwandisa amathuba okuphulukisa isiguli esihlinzwa ukuze kususwe isinye. Ingasetshenziswa futhi njengokwelashwa okuyisisekelo lapho ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa. I-Immunotherapy nayo ingasetshenziselwa ukwelashwa komdlavuza wesisu ngokubangela amasosha omzimba omzimba ukulwa namaseli womdlavuza. Lapho lezi zindlela zokwelapha zingasebenzi, izindlela zokwelashwa ezihlosiwe zingasetshenziselwa ukwelashwa.

Indima Yokudla Emdlavuzeni Wesinye

Yize ukubhema ugwayi nokuchayeka kumakhemikhali kubhekwa njengezinto eziyingozi / izimbangela zomdlavuza wesinye, ukudla kungadlala indima ebalulekile ekwandiseni noma ekwehliseni ubungozi balo mdlavuza. Kule blog, sizonaba kabanzi ngezifundo ezithile ezenziwa ngabaphenyi emhlabeni jikelele, ezihlolisise ukuhlangana phakathi kokutholwa kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokudla / zokudla kanye nengozi yomdlavuza wesinye.

Gwema Ukudla okufana neNyama Ebomvu necutshunguliwe ukunciphisa ubungozi bomdlavuza wesinye

Ekuhlaziyweni kwe-meta okwenziwe ngabaphenyi abavela eKarolinska Institutet eSweden, bahlaziye idatha yokudla kusuka ezifundweni ezi-5 ezibandakanya abantu, okubandakanya amacala angama-3262 kanye nabahlanganyeli abangu-1,038,787 kanye nezifundo eziyi-8 zokulawulwa kwamacala / zokuhlola okwakufaka amacala angama-7009 nabahlanganyeli abangu-27,240, ngokucwaninga kwezincwadi ku-database eshicilelwe ngoJanuwari 2016. Abaphenyi bathole ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu kokusetshenziswa kwenyama okusetshenzisiwe kwandise ingozi yomdlavuza wesisu kuzo zombili izifundo zokulawulwa kwamacala nezifundo ezenzelwe abantu. Kodwa-ke, bathole ingozi eyandayo yomdlavuza wesisu ngokunyuka kwenyama ebomvu kuphela ezifundweni zokulawulwa kwamacala, kepha hhayi ezifundweni ezenziwa ngabantu abaningi. (Alessio Crippa et al, Eur J Nutriti., 2018)

Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukugwema ukudla okufana nenyama ebomvu nocutshiwe ukunciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesinye.

Ukuhlafuna i-Areca Nut kungakhuphula ubungozi bokuphindaphinda komdlavuza kumdlavuza wesinye ongangenisi-misipha

Ucwaningo olwenziwe ngabaphenyi besibhedlela iThe Second Xiangya Hospital eChina kanye neThe Queen's Medical Research Institute e-United Kingdom, ebandakanya iziguli ezingama-242 ezinomdlavuza wesinye esingahlaseli izicubu zomzimba (i-NMIBC), eyahlinzwa ngokuhlinzwa, yahlola izinto eziyingozi ukuphindaphinda umdlavuza. Abaphenyi bathole ukuthi ukuhlafuna amantongomane aphezulu kuhlotshaniswa nengozi eyengeziwe yokuphindeka komdlavuza ezigulini zeNMIBC. (UJian Cao et al, uSci Rep., 2016)

Ukuhlafuna i-Areca Nut kungaze kube nomthelela ekubikezelweni komdlavuza wesinye.

Ukutholwa kwelayisi eliphekwe e-Arsenic eliqukethe ubungozi bomdlavuza wamanzi nesinye

Ukuhlaziywa kolwazi lwezokudla oluvela ocwaningweni lokulawulwa kwesinye esisekelwe kubantu base-US umdlavuza ngamacala angu-316 ahlonzwe ngeRegistry Cancer State Department of Health and Human Services' New Hampshire kanye nezilawuli ezingu-230 ezikhethwe ezakhamuzini zaseNew Hampshire futhi ezitholwe ohlwini lwaseNew Hampshire Department of Transportation and Medicare zithole ubufakazi bokusebenzisana phakathi kokusetshenziswa okuphezulu kakhulu irayisi elinsundu kanye nokugxila kwe-arsenic yamanzi. (U-Antonio J Signes-Pastor et al, Epidemiology. 2019)

Abaphenyi bagqamisa ukuthi okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-arsenic kungahle kube khona erayisi elinsundu uma kuqhathaniswa nelayisi elimhlophe kanti futhi nokwenyuka komthwalo we-arsenic kungabonakala erayisi eliphekiwe uma kusetshenziswa amanzi okupheka angcoliswe i-arsenic.

Kodwa-ke, lolu cwaningo alunikanga bufakazi obuqinile bokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwerayisi okusobala njalo kungaba nomthelela esigabeni somdlavuza wesinye. Kodwa-ke, njengoba umdlavuza wesinye bekungaba yingozi empilweni ngenxa yokuqukethwe yi-arsenic, abacwaningi baphakamise olunye ucwaningo oluningiliziwe kufaka phakathi izifundo ezinkulu zokuhlola noma yikuphi ukuhlangana phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwelayisi elinsundu kanye nomngcipheko womdlavuza wesinye.

Ingozi Yokusebenzisa Iqanda Nomdlavuza Wesinye

Ukuhlaziywa kwe-meta okwenziwe ngabaphenyi abavela eSibhedlela saseNanfang, eSouth Medical University, eGuangzhou eChina kususelwa kwimininingwane evela ezifundweni ezi-4 zamaqoqo kanye nezifundo eziyi-9 zokulawulwa kwamacala ezibandakanya amacala angama-2715 nabahlanganyeli abangu-184,727, okutholwe ngokuseshwa kwezincwadi ku-database ye-PubMed kuze kube nguFebhuwari U-2012 akatholanga ukuhlangana okuphawulekayo phakathi kokusetshenziswa kweqanda nobungozi bomdlavuza wesinye. (Fei Li et al, Cancer Yomdlavuza., 2013)

Kodwa-ke, ngokususelwa kwinani elilinganiselwe lezifundo, kwaphakanyiswa ubudlelwane obukhona ngokudla okwandisiwe kwamaqanda athosiwe anengozi yomdlavuza wesinye. ngakho-ke, gwema noma ukhawulele ukudla okuthosiwe njengamaqanda othosiwe ukunciphisa ubungozi besifo somdlavuza wesinye.

Ukudla kweCarotenoid kunganciphisa ubungozi

Ukuhlaziywa kwe-meta kwezifundo ezingama-22 zokubheka ezenziwa ngabaphenyi e-University of Texas Health Center eSan Antonio okubandakanya abantu abadala abayi-516,740, okutholwe ngosesho lwezincwadi kumininingwane yolwazi ye-PubMed ne-Scopus kanye ne-Cochrane Library kuze kube ngu-Ephreli 2019, kutholakale ukuthi kuyo yonke i-1 mg ukwanda kokudla nsuku zonke kwama-carotenoid okudla njenge-beta-cryptoxanthin (okuvame ukutholakala kumawolintshi nakuma-tangerines), ubungozi bomdlavuza wesinyebe bancishiswa ngama-42%, kuyilapho inani eliphelele lokudla kwe-carotenoid linciphisa ubungozi ngo-15%. (UWu S. et al, u-Adv. Umsoco., 2020)

Ucwaningo luphinde lwathola ukuthi ubungozi besifo somdlavuza wesinye behle ngo-76% kukho konke ukwanda kwe-micromole engu-1 ekujikelezeni kwe-alpha-carotene futhi kwehliswe ngama-27% kukho konke ukwanda kwe-micromole eyodwa ku-beta carotene. Izaqathe ziyimithombo enhle ye-alpha ne-beta carotene. Ngokwengeziwe, bathole nokuthi ubungozi balo mdlavuza bancipha ngama-1% kukho konke ukwenyuka kwe-micromole e-56 ekujikelezeni ukugxila kwe-lutein ne-zeaxanthin. I-Broccoli, isipinashi, i-kale, i-asparagus ngeminye yemithombo yokudla ye-lutein ne-zeaxanthin.

Ngakho-ke, ukufaka i-carotenoids njengengxenye yokudla kunganciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesinye.

Ukutholwa kweSelenium kunganciphisa ubungozi

Ukuhlaziywa kwe-meta okwenziwe ngabacwaningi abavela eSpain National Cancer Research Center kususelwa kwimininingwane evela ezifundweni eziyi-7 kufaka phakathi izifundo eziyisi-6 zokulawulwa kwamacala kanye nesifundo esisodwa esenziwe ngabantu esashicilelwa ngaphambi kukaMashi 1, sahlola ubudlelwane phakathi kwamazinga we-selenium nomdlavuza wesinye. Ucwaningo luthole ukwehla kwengcuphe engu-2010% yomdlavuza wesinye onamazinga aphezulu eselenium. Ucwaningo luphinde lwagqamisa ukuthi inzuzo yokuvikela i-selenium ibonakale kakhulu kwabesifazane. (U-André FS Amaral et al, Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev., 39)

Ukutholwa Kwama-Probiotic Yogurt Kunganciphisa Ubungozi

Ukuhlaziywa kwe-meta okwenziwe ngabaphenyi baseSichuan University eChina, ngokususelwa kwizifundo ezingama-61, ezibandakanya ababambiqhaza abangu-1,962,774 namacala omdlavuza angama-38,358, okutholwe ngokuseshwa kwezincwadi kulwazi lwePubMed, Embase kanye ne-CNKI ngoJulayi 2018, kutholakale ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-probiotic yogurt kuhlotshaniswa ingozi encishisiwe yomdlavuza wesinye nowe-colorectal. (Kui Zhang et al, Int J Cancer., 2019)

Ngakho-ke, ukufaka i-yogurt njengengxenye yokudla kunganciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesinye.

Ukufakwa Kwemifino yeCruciferous kunganciphisa ubungozi

Abaphenyi be-First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University e-China benze ukuhlaziywa kwe-meta besebenzisa idatha evela ezifundweni eziyishumi zokubheka, behlanganisa izifundo ezinhlanu zokulawulwa kwamacala kanye nezifundo ezi-10 zamaqoqo, ezitholwe ngosesho lwezincwadi lwezifundo ezashicilelwa phakathi kuka-5 noJuni 5. kwimininingwane yolwazi ye-Pubmed / Medline kanye neWebhu yeSayensi futhi ithole ingozi eyehle kakhulu yomdlavuza wesinye ngokudla okuphezulu kwemifino ye-cruciferous, ikakhulukazi kwizifundo zokulawulwa kwamacala. (Liu B et al, Umhlaba J Urol., 1979)

Ngakho-ke, kufaka phakathi imifino ye-cruciferous efana ne-broccoli, amahlumela ase-brussels, iklabishi, ukholifulawa kanye ne-kale njengengxenye yokudla kunganciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesinye.

Ukudla kukavithamini E kunganciphisa ubungozi

Ukuhlaziywa kwe-meta okwenziwe ngabaphenyi abavela e-Second Military Medical University naseTongji University eChina besebenzisa izifundo eziyi-11 ezizoba khona ezibandakanya izivivinyo zemitholampilo ezi-3 nezifundo ezisuselwa kubantu abangu-8 nabahlanganyeli abangama-575601, okutholwe ngosesho lwezincwadi ezinqolobaneni zolwazi eziku-inthanethi kutholakale ukuthi ukutholakala kukavithamini E kwakuhlobene ngengozi encishisiwe yomdlavuza wesinye. (UJian-Hai Lin et al, Int J Vitam Nutr Res., 2019)

Ngakho-ke, kufaka phakathi ukudla okunothile kuka-Vitamin E njengembewu ye-sunflower, ama-alimondi, isipinashi, ukwatapheya, isikwashi, i-kiwifruit, i-trout, imfanzi, uwoyela womnqumo, uwoyela wamagciwane kakolweni, ne-broccoli njengengxenye yokudla kunganciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesinye.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwemifino Nezithelo Kunganciphisa Ubungozi

Ukuhlaziywa kwe-meta okwenziwe abacwaningi baseNyuvesi yase-Tongji kanye naseNyuvesi Yezokwelapha yase-Nanjing e-China ngokusekelwe emininingwaneni evela ezifundweni ezingu-27 (izifundo ze-cohort ezingu-12 kanye nezifundo zokulawula amacala eziyi-15) ezitholwe ngokusesha ngekhompyutha kwe-PubMed, Embase kanye nelabhulali yase-Cochrane kanye ukubuyekezwa okwenziwa ngesandla kwezinkomba kwathola ukuthi ukudla kwemifino nezithelo kwehlisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesinye ngo-16% no-19% ngokulandelana. Ukuhlaziywa kwempendulo yomthamo kuphinde kwagqamisa ukuthi ubungozi balokhu umdlavuza kwehle ngo-8% no-9% kukho konke ukukhuphuka kwama-200 g/ngosuku ekusetshenzisweni kwemifino nezithelo, ngokulandelana. (U-Huan Liu et al, Eur J Cancer Prev., 2015)

Ukusetshenziswa Kwezithelo Ezomile kunganciphisa Ubungozi

Abaphenyi abavela eNyuvesi yaseMissouri, eHarvard TH Chan School of Public Health naseBrigham naseWomen Hospital e-US benze ukubuyekeza okuhlelekile kwezifundo eziyi-16 zokubuka ezashicilelwa phakathi kuka-1985 no-2018 ukuhlola ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi kube khona ukuhlangana phakathi kokudla kwezithelo okwenziwe ngokwesiko kanye ingozi yomdlavuza kubantu. Izifundo ezifakiwe ekuhlaziyweni zenziwa kakhulu e-United States, eNetherlands naseSpain enamacala ayi-12,732 437,298 avela kubahlanganyeli abangama-3. Bathole ukuthi ukukhuphuka kokudla kwezithelo ezomisiwe kuya ku-5-2019 noma ngaphezulu kokuhlinzekwa ngeviki kunganciphisa ubungozi bemidlavuza yomgudu wokugaya ukudla njengesisu, isinye nomdlavuza wamakholoni. (UMossine VV et al, u-Adv Nutr. XNUMX)

Isiphetho

Lolu cwaningo lokuhlola luphakamisa ukuthi ukudla okuqukethe i-carotenoid yokudla okufana ne-beta-cryptoxanthin, i-alpha/beta-carotene, i-lutein ne-zeaxanthin, i-Vitamin E, i-Selenium, iyogathi, izithelo ezomisiwe, imifino ye-cruciferous nezithelo kunganciphisa ingozi yesinye. umdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, gwema ukudla ukudla okufana nenyama ebomvu negayiwe, ukuhlafuna amantongomane e-areca, ukusebenzisa i-arsenic enamanzi noma ukuthatha amaqanda athosiwe kanye nezici zokuphila ezifana nokubhema ugwayi, kungase kwandise ingozi yomdlavuza wesinye, kube nomthelela ekuqaguleni kanye nemiphumela yokwelashwa, izimpawu ezimbi kakhulu, noma andise amathuba okubuya komdlavuza. Gwema ukubhema ugwayi, dla ukudla okufanele, vivinya umzimba futhi uzivocavoce njalo ukuze ugweme umdlavuza wesinye futhi uthuthukise ukubikezelwa.

Ukudla okudlayo nokuthi yikuphi okunezelayo okwenzayo yisinqumo osithathayo. Isinqumo sakho kufanele sifake ukucutshungulwa kwezakhi zofuzo zomdlavuza, okuwumdlavuza, ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kanye nezithasiselo, noma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba, imininingwane yokuphila, isisindo, ubude nemikhuba.

Ukuhlelela okunomsoco komdlavuza kusuka ku-addon akususelwa ekusesheni kwe-inthanethi. Kwenzela wena ukuthathela izinqumo ngokuya ngesayensi yamangqamuzana eyenziwe ososayensi bethu nonjiniyela be-software. Kungakhathalekile ukuthi ngabe uyakukhathalela ukuqonda okuyisisekelo kwamakhemikhali amakhemikhali noma cha - wokuhlelela umsoco ukuhlela lokho kudinga ukuqonda.

Qalisa MANJE ngokuhlela kwakho okunomsoco ngokuphendula imibuzo egameni lomdlavuza, ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo, ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kanye nezithasiselo, noma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba, imikhuba, indlela yokuphila, iqembu lobudala nobulili.

Iziguli ezinomdlavuza ngokuvamile kufanele zibhekane nokuhlukile imiphumela emibi ye-chemotherapy okuthinta ikhwalithi yempilo yabo futhi babheke ezinye izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza. Ukuthatha ukudla okunomsoco nezithasiselo ezisuselwa ekucabangeni kwesayensi (ukugwema ukuqagela nokukhetha okungahleliwe) yikhambi elingcono kakhulu lemvelo lomdlavuza nemiphumela emibi ehlobene nokwelashwa.

• Ingabe ukudla okunama-carotenoid amaningi kuyasiza ukunciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesinye?
• Izinzuzo Nezinzuzo Zokusetshenziswa Kwe-Selenium Supplement Use in Cancer
• Ngabe Ukudla Kwe-Supplement Supplement Kuyasebenza Ngesikhathi Semiphumela Yokusinda Kwe-Chemotherapy Impact Yeziguli Zomdlavuza Webele?
• Ukungenwa kwamaminerali okunomsoco kanye nobungozi bomdlavuza
• Ukusetshenziswa Kweqanda kanye Nengozi Yomdlavuza