Kodi Zakudya za Neutropenic ndizofunikira kwa Odwala Khansa?

Mfundo

Odwala khansa omwe ali ndi neutropenia kapena chiwerengero chochepa cha neutrophil amatha kutenga matenda ndipo nthawi zambiri amalangizidwa kuti azitha kusamala kwambiri ndikutsatira zakudya zochepetsetsa za neutropenic zomwe zimasiya masamba onse atsopano, zipatso zambiri, mtedza, oats yaiwisi, timadziti ta zipatso, mkaka ndi yogati. Komabe, maphunziro osiyanasiyana ndi kusanthula kwa meta sanapeze umboni uliwonse wotsimikizira kuti zakudya za neutropenic zimalepheretsa matenda odwala khansa. Odwala omwe adalandira zakudya za neutropenic adanenanso kuti kutsatira zakudyazi kumafuna khama kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ofufuza adawonetsa nkhawa pakulimbikitsa zakudya za neutropenic khansa odwala, popanda umboni wamphamvu pa zopindulitsa zokhudzana ndi kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha matenda.

Kodi Neutropenia ndi chiyani?

Neutropenia ndi thanzi lomwe limalumikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kocheperako kwamtundu wama cell oyera amtundu wotchedwa neutrophils. Maselo oyerawa amateteza thupi lathu ku matenda osiyanasiyana. Matenda aliwonse okhala ndi maselo oyera oyera amatha kuonjezera matenda. Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi neutropenia, matenda ang'onoang'ono amatha kukhala owopsa. Chifukwa chake, odwala omwe ali ndi neutropenic amafunika kutenga njira zambiri zopewera matenda.

Neutropenia imayambitsidwa makamaka:

• Ndi chemotherapy ina
• Ndi mankhwala a radiation operekedwa kumadera osiyanasiyana a thupi
• Mu khansa ya metastatic yomwe yafalikira mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi
• Ndi matenda okhudzana ndi mafupa ndi mafupa khansa monga khansa ya m'magazi, lymphoma, ndi myeloma yambiri yomwe ingakhudze maselo oyera a magazi
• Ndi matenda ena monga matenda omwe amadzichitira okha monga aplastic anemia ndi nyamakazi ya nyamakazi 

Kupatula izi, iwo omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chotsika chifukwa chotenga kachilombo ka HIV kapena kumuika chiwalo kapena omwe ali ndi zaka 70 kapena kupitilira apo, amatha kukhala neutropenia. 

Kuyezetsa magazi kumatha kudziwa ngati kuchuluka kwathu kwama cell oyera ndi ochepa.

Zakudya za Neutropenic ndi chiyani?

Zakudya za Neutropenic ndi chakudya chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo cha mthupi chomwe chili pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda kuchokera ku tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala m'chakudya chathu. Zakudya za neutropenic zidagwiritsidwa ntchito koyambirira m'ma 1970, mu kafukufuku wophatikiza zakudya monga njira yothandizira moyo wa odwala omwe adalowetsedwa ndi stem cell. 

Lingaliro lofunikira pa zakudya zopanda kudya ndikupewa zakudya zina zomwe zitha kutipangitsa kuti tipeze mabakiteriya ndi tizilombo tina tating'onoting'ono, tipewe zodzitetezera ndikugwiritsa ntchito moyenera chitetezo cha chakudya.

Zakudya Zomwe Muyenera Kusankha ndi Kuzipewa mu Zakudya za Neutropenic

Pali zinthu zambiri zofunika kuzisamala ndi odwala omwe ali ndi neutropenia komanso zoletsa zambiri pazakudya zomwe ziyenera kutsatiridwa mu chakudya cha neutropenic. Zotsatirazi ndi mndandanda wazakudya zomwe mungasankhe komanso kupewa m'thupi la neutropenic, monga likupezeka pagulu.

Zakudya Zamakaka 

Chakudya Choyenera Kupewa

• Mkaka wosasunthika ndi yogurt
• Yogurt yopangidwa ndimikhalidwe yamoyo kapena yogwira
• Yogurt kapena ayisikilimu wofewa kuchokera pamakina
• Milkshakes yopangidwa ndi blender
• Tchizi tofewa (Brie, feta, Cheddar lakuthwa)
• Msuzi wopanda mkaka wosaphika
• Tchizi ndi nkhungu (Gorgonzola, tchizi wabuluu)
• Tchizi okalamba
• Tchizi ndi masamba osaphika
• Tchizi cha ku Mexico ngati queso

Zakudya Zomwe Mungasankhe

• Mkaka wosakanizidwa ndi yogurt
• Zakudya zina zamkaka zosakanizidwa kuphatikiza tchizi, ayisikilimu ndi kirimu wowawasa

Zowuma

Chakudya Choyenera Kupewa

• Mkate ndi masikono ndi mtedza yaiwisi
• Mbewu zokhala ndi mtedza wosaphika
• Pasitala wosaphika
• Msuzi wa pasitala kapena saladi wa mbatata wokhala ndi masamba kapena mazira aiwisi
• Zopangira oats
• Mbewu zosaphika

Zakudya Zomwe Mungasankhe

• Mitundu yonse ya buledi
• Pasitala wophika
• Zikondamoyo
• Mbewu zophika ndi tirigu
• Mbatata yophika
• Nyemba zophika ndi nandolo
• Mbewu yophika

masamba

Chakudya Choyenera Kupewa

• Masamba osaphika
• Masaladi atsopano
• Masamba okazinga
• Zitsamba zosaphika ndi zonunkhira
• Sauerkraut yatsopano

Zakudya Zomwe Mungasankhe

• Masamba onse ophika bwino achisanu kapena masamba
• Msuzi wa zamzitini

zipatso

Chakudya Choyenera Kupewa

• Zipatso zosasamba zosasamba
• Ziphuphu zopanda zipatso
• Zipatso zouma
• Zipatso zonse zatsopano kupatula zomwe zalembedwa pansipa mu "Zakudya Zosankha"

Zakudya Zomwe Mungasankhe

• Zipatso zamzitini ndi timadziti ta zipatso
• Zipatso zowundana
• Madzi owundana osungunuka
• Msuzi wa apulo wosakanizidwa
• Kutsukidwa bwino ndikusenda zipatso zamatumba akuda monga nthochi, malalanje ndi zipatso za manyumwa

Mapuloteni

Chakudya Choyenera Kupewa

• Nyama yaiwisi kapena yosaphika, nsomba ndi nkhuku
• Onetsetsani zakudya zokazinga
• Kutumiza nyama
• Msuzi wakale
• Zakudya zachangu
• Zogulitsa za Miso 
• Sushi
• sashimi
• Nyama yozizira kapena nkhuku
• Mazira aiwisi kapena osaphika okhala ndi yolk yolimba kapena mbali ya dzuwa mmwamba

Zakudya Zomwe Mungasankhe

• Nyama yophika bwino, nsomba ndi nkhuku
• Nsomba zamzitini kapena nkhuku
• Kutenthetsa bwino zamzitini ndi zokometsera zokometsera
• Mazira ophika kwambiri kapena owiritsa
• Olowa m'malo mwa dzira
• Ufa mazira

zakumwa 

Chakudya Choyenera Kupewa

• Tiyi wofewa wozizira
• Dzira lopangidwa ndi mazira aiwisi
• Tiyi ya dzuwa
• Lemonade yokometsera
• Cider watsopano wa apulo

Zakudya Zomwe Mungasankhe

• Khofi wapakale ndi tiyi
• Wotulutsa mabotolo (osasankhidwa kapena osungunuka kapena adasinthidwa osmosis) kapena madzi osungunuka
• Zakumwa zamzitini kapena zam'mabotolo
• Zitini za munthu aliyense kapena mabotolo amowa
• Anatulutsa tiyi wazitsamba

Kafukufuku Wophatikizidwa ndi Mphamvu ya Zakudya za Neutropenic mwa Odwala Khansa

Pambuyo pochita chemotherapy kapena radiotherapy, pali chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha matenda khansa odwala ochokera ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga mabakiteriya ndi bowa omwe amapezeka muzakudya. Izi zili choncho chifukwa kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera a m'magazi omwe amatha kulimbana ndi mabakiteriya m'zakudya ndi ochepa komanso chifukwa m'matumbo omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ngati chotchinga pakati pa mabakiteriya ndi magazi amawonongeka ndi chemotherapy ndi radiotherapy. Pokumbukira vutoli, odwala amafunsidwa kuti azitha kusamala kwambiri komanso zakudya zapadera za neutropenic zokhala ndi zoletsa zambiri zazakudya zidayambitsidwa kwa odwala ambiri a khansa omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi choponderezedwa. 

Zakudya zautropenic nthawi zambiri zimaperekedwa kwa odwala khansa ndi cholinga chochepetsa matendawa popewa zakudya zinazake komanso kugwiritsa ntchito kasamalidwe kabwino ka zakudya ndi kasungidwe. Komabe, zoletsa zazakudya izi kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chotenga kachilomboka ziyenera kusamalidwa powonetsetsa kuti odwala alandila zakudya zokwanira, makamaka kuthana ndi zovuta zamankhwala komanso kukonza mayankho amankhwala.

Popeza odwala khansa ya neutropenic amayenera kusamala kwambiri ndipo chakudya chomwe chimalimbikitsidwa ndi neutropenic ndichakudya chomwe chili ndi zoletsa zambiri zomwe zimasiyanso masamba onse osaphika, zipatso zatsopano, mtedza, oats yaiwisi, timadziti ta zipatso, mkaka ndi yogurt ndi zina zambiri, maphunziro angapo apangidwa ndi ofufuza osiyanasiyana kuti aphunzire ngati kuyambitsa zakudya za neutropenic kumathandizanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa matenda a khansa. Zina mwa kafukufuku waposachedwa ndi zomwe apeza zalembedwa pansipa. Tiyeni tiwone!

Kuwunikiridwa Mwadongosolo ndi Ofufuza aku United States ndi India

Posachedwa, ofufuza ochokera ku United States ndi India adachita kuwunika mwatsatanetsatane kuti awone ngati pali umboni wotsimikizika wasayansi womwe ungathandizire kudya kwa neutropenic pochepetsa matenda ndikufa pakati pa odwala khansa. Adatulutsa kafukufuku wa 11 kuti awunikidwe kudzera pakusaka m'mabuku a MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Scopus database mpaka Marichi 2019. Kafukufukuyu sanapeze kuchepa kwamatenda kapena kufa pakati pa odwala khansa omwe amatsatira zakudya za neutropenic. (Venkataraghavan Ramamoorthy et al, Khansa ya Nutr., 2020)

Ofufuzawo adanenanso kuti ngakhale mabungwe ena amatsatira njira zokhazokha zokhazokha zokhazokha pakudya kwa neutropenic, ena amapewa zakudya zomwe zimawonjezera kukhudzana ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, ndipo gulu lachitatu la mabungwe lidatsata zonsezi. Chifukwa chake, adalangiza zodzitetezera ndi kasamalidwe kabwino ka chakudya ndi kukonzekera komwe akuvomerezedwa ndi Food and Drug Administration, kuti azitsatiridwa mofananamo kwa odwala neutropenic.

Flinders Medical Center Study ku Australia

Pakafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu 2020, ofufuza ochokera ku Flinders University ndi Flinders Medical Center ku Australia adayesetsa kuyerekezera zotsatira zamankhwala a chemotherapy omwe amalandila zakudya za neutropenic kapena zakudya zopatsa ufulu komanso anafufuzira mayanjano omwe ali pakati pa zakudya za neutropenic ndi matenda zotsatira. Pofufuza, adagwiritsa ntchito zidziwitso kuchokera kwa odwala a neutropenic azaka zapakati pa 18 ndi kupitilira apo omwe adalandiridwa ku Flinders Medical Center pakati pa 2013 ndi 2017 ndipo adalandirapo chemotherapy. Mwa odwala awa 79 adalandira chakudya cha neutropenic ndipo odwala 75 adalandira chakudya chololedwa. (Mei Shan Heng et al, Eur J Care Care (Engl)., 2020)

Kafukufukuyu adapeza kuti kuchuluka kwa neutropenia wokhala ndi malungo akulu, bacteraemia ndi masiku angapo ndi malungo akutali kudakali pagulu lomwe lidalandira zakudya za neutropenic. Kuwunikiranso kwa awiriawiri 20 a odwala omwe amafananitsidwa kutengera msinkhu, kugonana ndi matenda a khansa sanapezepo kusiyana kulikonse pazotsatira zamankhwala pakati pa odwala omwe adalandira zakudya za neutropenic ndi omwe adalandira chakudya chololedwa. Ofufuzawo adatsimikiza kuti zakudya zoperewera m'matumbo sizingathandize kupewa zotsatira zoyipa za odwala chemotherapy.

Kuphatikiza Kafukufuku Wopangidwa ndi mayunivesite osiyanasiyana ku United States

Ofufuza kuchokera ku Yunivesite ya Johns Hopkins, Mayo Clinic, Massachusetts General Hospital, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center ndi Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center ku United States adasanthula kuchuluka kwa matenda omwe adanenedwa m'mayeso 5 osiyanasiyana okhudza odwala 388 , kuyerekezera zakudya za neutropenic ndi zakudya zopanda malire mu acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), kapena odwala khansa ya sarcoma omwe ali ndi neutropenia. Mayesero omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito phunziroli adapezeka pazosaka zonse mpaka pa Seputembara 12, 2017. ( Somedeb Ball et al, Am J Clin Oncol., 2019)

Kafukufukuyu adapeza matenda mwa odwala 53.7% omwe amatsata zakudya za neutropenic ndi odwala 50% omwe amatsata zakudya zopanda malire. Chifukwa chake, ofufuzawo adazindikira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zoperewera sizingagwirizane ndi kuchepa kwa chiwopsezo cha matenda mwa odwala khansa ya neutropenic.

Phunziro la Mayo Clinic, Utumiki Wowonjezera Wamathambo Akuluakulu ku Manhattan ndi Missouri Baptist Medical Center - United States

Pakafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu 2018, ofufuzawo adawunika momwe zakudya za neutropenic zimathandizira pochepetsa matenda ndikufa kwa odwala khansa omwe ali ndi neutropenia. Kafukufuku wa 6 omwe adapezeka pakusaka kwa nkhokwe, adagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwunika, kuphatikiza odwala 1116 pomwe odwala 772 anali atapatsidwa kale khungu la haematopoietic cell. (Mohamad Bassam Sonbol et al, BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019)

Kafukufukuyu anapeza kuti panalibe kusiyana kwakukulu pakumwalira kwa anthu kapena kuchuluka kwa matenda opatsirana, bacteremia kapena fungemia, pakati pa omwe amatsata zakudya zosagwirizana ndi omwe amadya pafupipafupi. Kafukufukuyu adapezanso kuti zakudya za neutropenic zimalumikizidwa ndi chiwopsezo chochepa kwambiri chotenga matenda mwa odwala omwe adalandira haematopoietic cell.

Ofufuzawo sanapeze umboni uliwonse wothandizira kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zakudya za neutropenic mwa odwala khansa omwe ali ndi neutropenia. M'malo motsatira zakudya zopatsa thanzi, adalangiza kuti odwala khansa ndi azachipatala apitilize kutsatira malangizo oyendetsera zakudya ndikudziyang'anira, monga akuvomerezera ndi US Food and Drug Administration.

Kafukufuku Wokhudzana ndi Zakudya za Neutropenic pa Matenda Aakulu a Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ONSE) ndi Odwala a Sarcoma

Kafukufuku wofalitsidwa ndi ofufuza ochokera m'zipatala zosiyanasiyana za ana ndi oncology ku United States, anayerekezera kuchuluka kwa matenda a neutropenic mwa odwala 73 a khansa ya ana omwe amatsatira Food and Drug Administration adavomereza malangizo otetezedwa ndi ana 77. khansa milandu yomwe idatsata zakudya za neutropenic limodzi ndi Food and Drug Administration idavomereza malangizo otetezedwa ku chakudya, panthawi imodzi yamankhwala a chemotherapy. Odwala nthawi zambiri adapezeka ndi ALL kapena sarcoma. (Karen M Moody et al, Pediatr Blood Cancer., 2018)

Kafukufukuyu adapeza kuti odwala 35% omwe adatsata zakudya zosagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi neutropenic limodzi ndi Food and Drug Administration adavomereza malangizo oteteza chakudya ndipo odwala 33% omwe adatsata Food and Drug Administration adavomereza malangizo oteteza chakudya chokha. Odwala omwe adalandira zakudya za neutropenia adanenanso kuti kutsatira zakudya za neutropenic kumafunikira kulimbikira.

Kufufuza kwa Zakudya za Neutropenic mu Kuyesa kwa AML-BFM 2004

Ofufuza kuchokera ku Yunivesite ya Johann Wolfgang Goethe ku Frankfurt, Hannover Medical School ku Germany komanso Chipatala cha Ana Odwala ku Toronto, Canada adasanthula momwe zakudya zopewera matenda osagwiritsidwa ntchito mosalekeza komanso zoletsa pagulu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira zopewera kupatsira ana omwe ali ndi Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Kafukufukuyu adagwiritsa ntchito zidziwitso kuchokera kwa odwala 339 omwe amathandizidwa m'mabungwe 37. Kafukufukuyu sanapeze phindu lililonse pakutsata zoletsa pazakudya za neutropenic mwa odwala khansa iyi. (Lars Tramsen et al, J Clin Oncol., 2016)

Kodi Odwala Khansa Ayenera Kutsatira Zakudya za Neutropenic?

Kafukufuku pamwambapa akuwonetsa kuti palibe umboni wotsimikizika wotsimikizira kuti chakudya cha neutropenic chimateteza matenda mwa odwala khansa. Zakudya zoletsetsazi zimalumikizidwanso ndi kukhutira ndi odwala pang'ono ndipo zitha kuchititsanso kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi. Ngakhale palibe umboni woyenera wasayansi wosonyeza kuti zakudya zoperewera m'mimba zimachepetsa chiopsezo chotenga matenda mwa odwala khansa kapena zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa ma cell amwazi mwa odwala khansa, izi zikulimbikitsidwabe pamasamba ambiri aku US omwe ali ndi khansa, monga tawonera mu kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu Nutrition and Cancer Journal ku 2019 (Timothy J Brown et al, Cancer ya Nutr., 2019). 

Mpaka pano, National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) kapena Oncology Nursing Society Cancer Chemotherapy malangizo nawonso sanalimbikitse kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya za neutropenic kwa odwala khansa. Kafukufuku wina adapezanso kuti kutenga njira zodzitetezera komanso kutsatira malangizo a Safe Food-Handling operekedwa ndi Food and Drug Administration monga lamulo la makhitchini onse azachipatala, kungapereke chitetezo chokwanira ku matenda obwera chifukwa cha chakudya, potero osaphatikizapo kufunikira kwa zakudya zamtundu wa neutropenic. (Heather R Wolfe et al, J Hosp Med., 2018). Kafukufuku adapezanso kuti zakudya zolimba za neutropenic zinali ndi fiber zochepa komanso vitamini C (Juliana Elert Maia et al, Pediatr Blood Cancer., 2018). Chifukwa chake, kuvomereza khansa Odwala omwe ali ndi neutropenia kuti azitsatira zakudya zoletsedwa kwambiri za neutropenic, popanda umboni wamphamvu pa kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha matenda, akhoza kukhala okayikira.

Chakudya chomwe mumadya komanso chomwe chimakupatsani thanzi ndi chisankho chomwe mumapanga. Lingaliro lanu liyenera kuphatikizapo kulingalira za kusintha kwa majini a khansa, khansa, chithandizo chamankhwala chopitilira muyeso, zovuta zilizonse, zidziwitso za moyo, kulemera, kutalika ndi zizolowezi.

Kukonzekera kwa khansa kuchokera ku addon sikudalira pakusaka kwa intaneti. Zimakusankhirani zomwe mungasankhe malinga ndi sayansi yamayendedwe omwe asayansi athu ndi akatswiri a mapulogalamu. Mosasamala kanthu kuti mumasamala kumvetsetsa zomwe zimayambira zamagulu am'thupi kapena ayi - pakukonzekera zakudya za khansa kumvetsetsa kumafunikira.

Yambirani TSOPANO ndikukonzekera zakudya zanu poyankha mafunso okhudzana ndi khansa, kusintha kwa majini, mankhwala opitilira muyeso ndi zowonjezera, chifuwa chilichonse, zizolowezi, moyo, gulu la zaka komanso jenda.

Odwala khansa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana chemotherapy mavuto zomwe zimakhudza moyo wawo ndikuyang'ana njira zina zochiritsira khansa. Kutenga chakudya choyenera ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera kutengera zomwe asayansi amalingalira (kupewa kuyerekezera ndi kusankha mwachisawawa) ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yachilengedwe ya khansa ndi zovuta zina zokhudzana ndi chithandizo.

• Zakudya Zachilengedwe / Zowonjezera zomwe zitha kuyambitsa / kuwononga Khansa
• Kuchulukitsa Kwa Mafuta Mbeu Yakuda yogwira Thymoquinone motsutsana ndi Chemotherapy zoyipa
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• Kupewa Khansa Zakudya kuti muchepetse Kuopsa kwa Khansa
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