Amaphuzu avelele
Amazambane anenkomba/umthwalo ophezulu we-glycemic – isilinganiso esihlobene samacarbohydrates ekudleni okusekelwe emthelela wawo emazingeni kashukela egazini. Kodwa-ke, azikho izifundo eziningi ezichazwe kahle eziphakamisa ngokucacile ukuthi amazambane mahle noma amabi ezigulini ezinomdlavuza kanye nokuvinjelwa komdlavuza. Nakuba izifundo ezimbalwa zithole ukuthi amazambane angase ahlotshaniswe nengozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza njengomdlavuza we-colorectal, izifundo eziningi zithole izinhlangano ezingenalutho noma ezingabalulekile ezinomdlavuza ezifana nomdlavuza we-pancreatic noma webele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le miphumela idinga ukuqinisekiswa okwengeziwe ezifundweni ezichazwe kahle. Futhi, ukudla okuvamile kwamazambane athosiwe akunempilo futhi kufanele kugwenywe abantu abanempilo futhi umdlavuza iziguli.
Okuqukethwe kwe-Nutrient Kumazambane
Amazambane yizilimo eziyizigaxa ezinesitashi obekungukudla okuyisisekelo emazweni amaningi emhlabeni wonke izinkulungwane zeminyaka. Amazambane acebile ngama-carbohydrate, i-fiber, i-potassium ne-manganese kanye nezinye izakhamzimba ezibandakanya:
- i-beta-Sitosterol
- Vitamin C
- I-Caffeic acid
- I-Chlorogenic acid
- I-citric acid
- Vitamin B6
- I-linoleic acid
- I-Linolenic acid
- I-Myristic acid
- I-oleic acid
- I-Palmitic acid
- I-Solasodine
- I-Stigmasterol
- I-TryptophanIsoquercitrin
- I-Gallic acid
Ngokuya ngendlela yokupheka nohlobo lwamazambane, okuqukethwe kwezakhi kungahluka. Kakhulu, lezi zicebile kuma-carbohydrate, ama-antioxidants, amavithamini, amaminerali kanye ne-fiber futhi kunezinzuzo ezinhle zokudla okunempilo. Ngokwengeziwe, i-β-Sitosterol-d-glucoside (β-SDG), i-phytosterol ehlukaniswe namazambane, nayo inomsebenzi onamandla wokulwa nomdlavuza.
“Ingabe amazambane akulungile noma awalungile kuwe?”
"Ingabe iziguli ezinomdlavuza zingadla amazambane?"
Le mibuzo ejwayelekile kakhulu eseshwa kwi-inthanethi uma kukhulunywa ngokudla nangokondleka.
Njengoba sonke sazi, amazambane anenani eliphezulu kakhulu lama-carbohydrate futhi angase athinte amazinga kashukela egazini. Ngakho-ke, amazambane amakwa ngaphansi kokudla okunenkomba ephezulu ye-glycemic/umthwalo-izinga elihlobene lama-carbohydrates ekudleni okusekelwe emthelela wawo emazingeni kashukela egazini. Ukudla okuningi okunenkomba/umthwalo ophezulu we-glycemic kuye kwahlotshaniswa nezifo eziningana kuhlanganise nesifo sikashukela kanye umdlavuza. Kuyaziwa futhi ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwamazambane kanye nama-chips amazambane agayiwe kungase kube nomthelela omkhulu ekuzuzeni isisindo.
Lokhu kungaphakamisa imibuzo eminingi ngokuthi ngabe amazambane anezikhombo / umthwalo omningi we-glycemic muhle noma awalungile kuwe, noma ngabe ayandisa ingozi yomdlavuza, ukuthi iziguli ezinomdlavuza zingadla amazambane, futhi ekugcineni uthini ubufakazi besayensi.
Kule bhulogi, siqoqe ukuhlaziywa okuhlukile okuhlole ubudlelwane phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwamazambane nobungozi bomdlavuza. Ake sithole ukuthi ngabe kunezifundo ezanele ezichazwe kahle yini zokuphetha ukuthi ngabe amazambane anezikhombo / umthwalo omningi we-glycemic muhle noma awalungile kuwe!
Ukudla Okufanele Ukudla Ngemuva Kokuxilongwa Komdlavuza!
Akukho mdlavuza owodwa ofanayo. Dlulela ngale kwemihlahlandlela ejwayelekile yokudla kuwo wonke umuntu futhi wenze izinqumo ezenziwe ngezifiso ngokudla nezithasiselo ngokuzethemba.
Ukusetshenziswa Kwamazambane kanye Nengozi Yomdlavuza Okhanyayo
Ocwaningweni olushicilelwe ngo-2017, abacwaningi base-University of Tromsø-I-Arctic University yaseNorway kanye neDanish Cancer Society Research Center eDenmark, bahlole ubudlelwane obuphakathi kokusetshenziswa kwamazambane kanye nengozi yomdlavuza obala. Lolu cwaningo lusebenzise imininingwane yemibuzo evela kubantu besifazane abangama-79,778 abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-41 no-70, esifundweni saseNorway Women and Cancer. (ULene A lisli et al, Umdlavuza Wezakhi., May-Jun 2017)
Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu kwamazambane kungahle kuhlotshaniswe nengozi ephezulu yomdlavuza obala. Abaphenyi bathola ukuhlangana okufanayo kuwo womabili umdlavuza we-rectal kanye nowekoloni.
Funda ngobudlelwano obuphakathi kokudla okubandakanya inyama nenyama yamazambane nobungozi bomdlavuza webele
Ocwaningweni olushicilelwe ngabaphenyi bamanyuvesi ahlukene eNew York, Canada nase-Australia, bahlole ubudlelwano phakathi kwamaphethini wokudla ahlukene kanye nengozi yomdlavuza webele. Ukuhlaziywa kwephethini yokudla kwenziwa ngokususelwa kudatha evela emacaleni omdlavuza webele we-1097 kanye neqembu elihambelana nobudala labesifazane abangama-3320 abavela kubahlanganyeli besifazane abangama-39,532 kuCanada Study of Diet, Lifestyle and Health (CSDLH). Baphinde bakuqinisekisa okutholakele ekuhlaziyweni kwabahlanganyeli abangama-49,410 kuNational Breast Screening Study (NBSS) lapho kwabikwa khona izigameko ezingama-3659 zesifo somdlavuza webele. Amaphethini amathathu okudla akhonjwe ocwaningweni lwe-CSLDH kufaka phakathi "iphethini enempilo" eyayiqukethe amaqembu okudla yemifino kanye nemidumba; “Iphethini yobuhlanga” eyayinamaqembu athatha irayisi, isipinashi, inhlanzi, i-tofu, isibindi, amaqanda nenyama enosawoti neyomisiwe; kanye "nephethini yenyama namazambane" ebifaka amaqembu enyama ebomvu namazambane. (U-Chelsea Catsburg et al, Am J Clin Nutr., 2015)
Abaphenyi bathola ukuthi ngenkathi iphethini yokudla "enempilo" ihlotshaniswa nengozi encishisiwe yomdlavuza webele, iphethini yokudla "yenyama namazambane" yayihlotshaniswa nengozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza webele kwabesifazane abangemva kokuya esikhathini. Okutholakele kusoseshini ophakathi "kwenyama namazambane" iphethini yokudla enokwanda komdlavuza webele kwaphinde kwaqinisekiswa esifundweni se-NBSS. Kodwa-ke, abatholanga ukuhlangana phakathi kwephethini yokudla "okunempilo" kanye nengozi yomdlavuza webele.
Yize abacwaningi bathole ukuthi iphethini yokudla "yenyama namazambane" ikhombisa ingozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza webele, lolu cwaningo alunakusetshenziswa ukuphetha ngokuthi ukutholwa kwamazambane kungakhulisa umdlavuza webele. Ingozi yomdlavuza webele kungenzeka ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwenyama ebomvu okusungulwe kwezinye izifundo ezahlukahlukene. Kudingeka izifundo eziningi ukuhlola ukuthi amazambane alungile yini noma amabi ekuvikeleni umdlavuza webele.
Ukusetshenziswa Kwamazambane kanye Nengozi Yomdlavuza wePancreatic
Ucwaningo lwakamuva olushicilelwe kwiBritish Journal of Nutrition ngabaphenyi baseNorway, eDenmark naseSweden ngo-2018, luhlolisise ukuhlangana phakathi kokudliwa kwamazambane kanye nengozi yomdlavuza wepancreatic phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane abayi-1,14,240 ocwaningweni lweqembu le-HELGA, ebandakanya ababambiqhaza esifundweni saseNorway Women and Cancer Study, eDenmark Diet, Cancer and Health Study kanye neNyakatho yeSweden Health and Disease Study Cohort. Idatha yolwazi lwemibuzo olusekelwe ekudleni itholakele kubahlanganyeli besifundo. Ngesikhathi sokulandela okulandelwayo seminyaka eyi-11.4, kwatholakala inani lamacala omdlavuza we-pancreatic angama-221. (Lene A lisli et al, Br J Nutr., 2018)
Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi, uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo abanamazambane amancane kakhulu, abantu abanamazambane aphakeme kakhulu babonisa ingozi enkulu yomdlavuza we-pancreatic, yize le ngozi yayingabalulekanga. Lapho sihlaziywa ngokususelwa ebulilini, ucwaningo luthole ukuthi le nhlangano ibaluleke kakhulu kwabesifazane, kepha hhayi kwabesilisa.
Ngakho-ke ucwaningo luphethe ukuthi noma kungahle kube nokuhlangana phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwamazambane kanye nengozi yomdlavuza wepancreatic, izinhlangano bezingaguquguquki phakathi kwabo bonke. Ngokuya ngale miphumela, abukho ubufakazi obanele bokuphetha ngokuthi amazambane angandisa ingozi yomdlavuza we-pancreatic futhi angaba mabi ezigulini zomdlavuza wepancreatic. Abaphenyi baphakamise ukuthi kuqhutshekwe nezifundo nabantu abaningi ukuze bahlole izinhlangano ezahlukanisayo kwabobulili obubili.
Ukusetshenziswa Kwamazambane Nengozi Yomdlavuza Wezinso
Ucwaningo lwangaphambilini olwenziwe ngabaphenyi beSapporo Medical University School of Medicine, iHokkaido eJapan, luhlolisise izinto ezinobungozi bokufa komdlavuza wezinso kusetshenziswa i-database yeJapan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study. Ukuhlaziywa kufaka phakathi abesilisa abangama-47,997 nabesifazane abangama-66,520 abaneminyaka engama-40 nangaphezulu. (Masakazu Washio et al, J Epidemiol., 2005)
Ngesikhathi sokulandelela okulinganiselwa eminyakeni eyi-9, kwashona abesilisa abangama-36 nabesifazane abayi-12 ngenxa yezinso. umdlavuza kwabikwa. Lolu cwaningo luthole ukuthi umlando wezempilo womfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukuthanda ukudla okunamafutha, nokuphuzwa kwetiye elimnyama kuhlotshaniswa nengozi eyengeziwe yokufa komdlavuza wezinso. Kuphinde kwatholakala ukuthi ukudla i-taro, ubhatata kanye namazambane kuhlotshaniswa nokuncipha kwengozi yokufa komdlavuza wezinso.
Kodwa-ke, njengoba isibalo sabantu ababulawa ngumdlavuza wezinso esifundweni samanje besisincane, abacwaningi baveze ukuthi kungadingeka olunye ucwaningo ukuhlola izici ezinobungozi bokufa komdlavuza wezinso eJapan.
Imibiko Ngokusetshenziswa Kwamazambane Nomdlavuza Wesisu
Ngo-2015, bekunemibiko eminingi yabezindaba ebikhuluma ngokudla amazambane njengendlela yokwehlisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesisu, ngokususelwa ocwaningweni olushicilelwe ngabaphenyi beYunivesithi yaseZhejiang eChina. Eqinisweni, lolu cwaningo belungakatholi ukuxhumana okuqondile phakathi kokudla amazambane kanye nokwehla kwengozi yomdlavuza wesisu.
Lokhu kube wukuhlaziywa kwemeta kwezifundo ezingama-76 ezikhonjwe ngokuseshwa kwezincwadi eMedline, Embase, nakuWebhu yeSayensi yolwazi kuze kube nguJuni 30, 2015, ukuhlola ubudlelwane obuphakathi kokudla nomdlavuza wesisu. Ngesikhathi sokulandelela seminyaka engu-3.3 kuya kwengama-30, amacala omdlavuza wesisu esiswini angama-32,758 atholwa kwabangu-6,316,385 ababambiqhaza maqondana nokudla izinto ezingama-67 zokudla, ezihlanganisa imifino eminingi, izithelo, inyama, inhlanzi, usawoti, utshwala, itiye, ikhofi, nezakhamzimba. (Xuexian Fang et al, ur J Cancer., 2015)
Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi ngenkathi ukudla kakhulu izithelo nemifino emhlophe kuhlotshaniswa nokwehliswa komdlavuza wesisu ngo-7% kanye no-33% ngokulandelana, ukudla okubandakanya inyama egayiwe, ukudla okunosawoti, imifino ekhethiwe kanye notshwala kuhlotshaniswa nobungozi obandayo. Ucwaningo luphinde lwathola ukuthi i-vitamin C ibuye ihlotshaniswe nengozi encishisiwe yomdlavuza wesisu.
Ukuhlangana okuphambene nengozi yomdlavuza wesisu kwabonwa kwimifino emhlophe ngokujwayelekile, hhayi amazambane ngqo. Kodwa-ke, abezindaba bakha uhlevane kumazambane kwazise imifino ehlukene okubalwa kuyo u-anyanisi, amaklabishi, amazambane nokholifulawa iwela ngaphansi kwemifino emhlophe.
Ngakho-ke, ngokuya ngemiphumela yalolu cwaningo, umuntu akakwazi ukuthola iziphetho eziqinile zokuthi ngabe ukudla amazambane aphakeme kakhulu ku-glycemic index / load kuhle yini ekuvikeleni umdlavuza wesisu kanye neziguli ezinomdlavuza.
Amazambane Ethosiwe Nomdlavuza
Ukungeniswa Kokudla Kwe-Acrylamide kanye Nengozi Yesifuba, I-Endometrial, ne-Ovarian Cancers
I-Acrylamide ngumdlavuza ongaba khona odala amakhemikhali nawo akhiqizwa ukudla okunesitashi njengamazambane athosiwe, athosiwe noma abhakwa ezingeni lokushisa okuphezulu, angaphezu kwe-120oC.Kuhlaziyo lwe-meta lwakamuva, abacwaningi bahlole ukuhlangana phakathi kokudla okulinganisiwe kokudla kwe-acrylamide nobungozi besifo somdlavuza wabesifazane, we-endometrial, nowe-ovarian ku-16 cohort nasezifundweni ezimbili zokulawulwa kwamacala ezishicilelwe ngoFebhuwari 2, 25. (UGiorgia Adani et al, iCancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev., 2020)
Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi ukudla okuphezulu kwe-acrylamide kuhlotshaniswa nezingozi ezandayo zomdlavuza we-ovari kanye ne-endometrial, ikakhulukazi kulabo abangakaze babheme. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kwabesifazane be-premenopausal, abukho ubudlelwane obubonakalayo obubonwe phakathi kokudla kwe-acrylamide nomdlavuza webele.
Yize lolu cwaningo lungahloli ngqo umthelela wokusetshenziswa kwamazambane othosiwe engcupheni yala mdlavuza, kungcono ukugwema noma ukunciphisa ukuthatha amazambane athosiwe njalo njengoba kungaba nemiphumela emibi.
Ukusetshenziswa Kwamazambane Nengozi Yokubulawa Komdlavuza
- Ocwaningweni lwakamuva olushicilelwe ngo-2020, abacwaningi bahlole umthelela wesikhathi eside wokusetshenziswa kwamazambane ekufeni ngenxa yezifo zenhliziyo, isifo se-cerebrovascular kanye nomdlavuza kanye nasekufeni ngenxa yazo zonke izimbangela. Ocwaningweni, basebenzise imininingwane evela ocwaningweni lweNational Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 1999-2010. Ucwaningo alutholanga ukuhlangana okuphawulekayo phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwamazambane nokufa komdlavuza. (Mohsen Mazidi et al, Arch Med Sci., 2020)
- Kolunye ucwaningo olwanyatheliswa ku-Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition Journal, abacwaningi baseTehran University of Medical Sciences kanye ne-Isfahan University of Medical Sciences e-Iran bahlole ukuhlangana kokusetshenziswa kwamazambane kanye nengozi yomdlavuza nokufa kwenhliziyo kanye nokufa kwezimbangela zonke e-Iran. abadala. Idatha yokuhlaziywa itholwe ngokuseshwa kwezincwadi ku-PubMed, i-Scopus databases kuze kufike ku-September 2018. Izifundo ezingu-20 zifakwe namacala angu-25,208 abikwe ngenxa yokufa okuyimbangela yonke, angu-4877 okufa komdlavuza kanye ne-2366 yokufa kwenhliziyo. Ucwaningo alutholanga ukuhlobana okubalulekile phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwamazambane kanye nengozi yazo zonke izinkinga umdlavuza abashonile. (Manije Darooghegi Mofrad et al, Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr., 2020)
Isiphetho
Amazambane aziwa ngokuba nenkomba/umthwalo ophezulu we-glycemic. Nakuba izifundo ezimbalwa zithole ukuthi amazambane angase ahlotshaniswe nengozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza njengomdlavuza we-colorectal, ezinye izifundo zithole izinhlangano ezingenalutho noma ezingabalulekile ezinomdlavuza ezifana nomdlavuza we-pancreatic noma webele. Zimbalwa izifundo futhi ezazama ukusikisela umphumela wokuvikela. Kodwa-ke, yonke le miphumela idinga ukuqinisekiswa okwengeziwe ngezifundo ezichazwe kahle. Kuze kube manje, azikho iziphetho eziqinile ezingafinyelelwa kulezi zifundo zokuthi amazambane mahle noma amabi ezigulini ezinomdlavuza kanye umdlavuza ukuvimbela.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukudla amazambane okuphezulu kakhulu (okuphezulu nge-glycemic index / load) namazambane amazambane / ama-crisps athosiwe kunomthelela omkhulu ekuzuzeni isisindo nasezindabeni zezempilo ezihambisanayo. Kodwa-ke, ukuthatha inani elilinganisiwe lamazambane aphekiwe nokugwema noma ukunciphisa ukungena kwamazambane othosiwe akumele kudale ingozi.
Ukudla okudlayo nokuthi yikuphi okunezelayo okwenzayo yisinqumo osithathayo. Isinqumo sakho kufanele sifake ukucutshungulwa kwezakhi zofuzo zomdlavuza, okuwumdlavuza, ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kanye nezithasiselo, noma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba, imininingwane yokuphila, isisindo, ubude nemikhuba.
Ukuhlelela okunomsoco komdlavuza kusuka ku-addon akususelwa ekusesheni kwe-inthanethi. Kwenzela wena ukuthathela izinqumo ngokuya ngesayensi yamangqamuzana eyenziwe ososayensi bethu nonjiniyela be-software. Kungakhathalekile ukuthi ngabe uyakukhathalela ukuqonda okuyisisekelo kwamakhemikhali amakhemikhali noma cha - wokuhlelela umsoco ukuhlela lokho kudinga ukuqonda.
Qalisa MANJE ngokuhlela kwakho okunomsoco ngokuphendula imibuzo egameni lomdlavuza, ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo, ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kanye nezithasiselo, noma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba, imikhuba, indlela yokuphila, iqembu lobudala nobulili.
Ukudla Okungokwakho Komdlavuza!
Umdlavuza uyashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Enza ngendlela oyifisayo futhi uguqule umsoco wakho ngokusekelwe kunkomba yomdlavuza, ukwelashwa, indlela yokuphila, okuncamelayo kokudla, izinto ezingakuphathi kahle nezinye izici.
Iziguli ezinomdlavuza ngokuvamile kufanele zibhekane nokuhlukile imiphumela emibi ye-chemotherapy okuthinta ikhwalithi yempilo yabo futhi babheke ezinye izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza. Ukuthatha ukudla okunomsoco nezithasiselo ezisuselwa ekucabangeni kwesayensi (ukugwema ukuqagela nokukhetha okungahleliwe) yikhambi elingcono kakhulu lemvelo lomdlavuza nemiphumela emibi ehlobene nokwelashwa.