Amaphuzu avelele
Le bhulogi iyiqoqo lezifundo zemitholampilo kanye nemiphumela yokubonisa ukuhlotshaniswa kokudla kwamavithamini/amavithamini amaningi kanye nobungozi bomdlavuza kanye nolunye ulwazi oluyisisekelo ngemithombo yokudla yemvelo yamavithamini ahlukahlukene. Isiphetho esiyinhloko esivela ocwaningweni oluhlukahlukene siwukuthi ukuthatha amavithamini emithonjeni yokudla yemvelo kunenzuzo kithi futhi kungafakwa njengengxenye yokudla / ukudla kwethu kwansuku zonke, kuyilapho ukusetshenziswa kwe-multivitamin supplementation ngokweqile akusizi futhi akufaki inani elikhulu ekuhlinzekeni okulwa nokuvuvukala. izinzuzo zezempilo zomdlavuza. Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwama-multivitamin ngokungahleliwe kungahlotshaniswa nokwanda umdlavuza ingozi futhi ingabangela ukulimala okungenzeka. Ngakho-ke lezi zithako zamavithamini kufanele zisetshenziselwe kuphela ukunakekelwa komdlavuza noma ukuvimbela lapho kunconywe ochwepheshe bezokwelapha - ngesimo nesimo esifanele.
Amavithamini ayizakhamzimba ezibalulekile ekudleni nakweminye imithombo yemvelo edingwa ngumzimba wethu. Ukushoda kwamavithamini athile kungadala ukusilela okukhulu okuvela njengokuphazamiseka okuhlukile. Ukudla okunomsoco, okunempilo nokudla okwanele kwamavithamini kanye namavithamini kuhlotshaniswa nokwehliswa kwengozi yokufa ngenxa yezifo zenhliziyo nomdlavuza. Umthombo womsoco kufanele ukuthi ususelwe ekudleni esikudlayo, kepha ezikhathini zamanje ezisheshayo esiphila kuzo, isilinganiso sansuku zonke se-multivitamin sithatha indawo yokudla okunempilo okunempilo.
Isengezo se-multivitamin ngosuku sesiyinto evamile kubantu abaningi emhlabeni jikelele njengendlela yemvelo yokuthuthukisa impilo yabo nokuba kwabo nokuvikela izifo ezinjengomdlavuza. Ukusetshenziswa kwamaMultivitamini kuyakhula esizukulwaneni sokukhula kwengane esetshenziswayo ngezinzuzo zezempilo nokuxhasa impilo enhle jikelele. Iningi labantu likholelwa ukuthi umthamo ophakeme wamavithamini uyindlela yokulwa nokuguga, yokuqinisa amasosha nokuvikela izifo, okuthi noma ingasebenzi, ingalimazi. Kukhona inkolelo yokuthi njengoba amavithamini evela emithonjeni yemvelo futhi ekhuthaza impilo enhle, amanani amaningi alawa athathwe njengezithasiselo kufanele asizuzise ngokuqhubekayo. Ngokusetshenziswa okwandile nokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwamavithamini kanye nama-multivitamin kubantu abaningi bomhlaba, kube nezifundo eziningi zokubheka emuva ezibheke ezinhlanganweni zamavithamini ahlukahlukene nendima yazo yokuvimbela umdlavuza.
Imithombo Yokudla vs Izengezo Zokudla
Ucwaningo lwakamuva olwenziwe yiFriedman School kanye neTufts University School of Medicine luhlolisise izinzuzo nobungozi obungaba khona ngokusetshenziswa kwamavithamini. Abaphenyi bahlole idatha evela kubantu abadala abangama-27,000 abanempilo ababeneminyaka engama-20 noma ngaphezulu. Ucwaningo luhlolisise ukudla okunomsoco wamavithamini njengokudla kwemvelo noma izithasiselo kanye nokuhlangana nokufa, okuyizifo zenhliziyo noma umdlavuza. (Chen F et al, Ama-Annals we-Int. Med, 2019)
Ucwaningo luthole izinzuzo ezinkulu kakhulu zokudla okunomsoco wamavithamini kusuka emithonjeni yokudla yemvelo esikhundleni sezithasiselo. Ukudla okwanele kweVitamin K neMagnesium ekudleni kwakuhlotshaniswa nengozi ephansi yokufa. Ukudla ngokweqile kweCalcium kusuka kwizithasiselo, okungaphezulu kuka-1000 mg / ngosuku, kwakuhlotshaniswa nengozi ephezulu yokufa ngenxa yomdlavuza. Ukusetshenziswa kwezithako ze-Vitamin D kubantu ababengenazo izimpawu zokushoda kuka-Vitamin D kwakuhlotshaniswa nengozi eyengeziwe yokufa ngenxa yomdlavuza.
Kunezinye izifundo eziningi zokwelashwa ezihlolisise ukuhlangana kokusetshenziswa kwamavithamini athile noma izithasiselo ze-multivitamin futhi ingozi yomdlavuza. Sizofingqa lolu lwazi ngamavithamini athile noma ama-multivitamini afaka imithombo yawo yokudla yemvelo, kanye nobufakazi besayensi nobemitholampilo ngezinzuzo nobungozi bawo ngomdlavuza.
Uvithamini A - Imithombo, Izinzuzo kanye Nengozi Emdlavuzeni
imithombo: UVitamin A, uvithamini oncibilika njengamafutha, uyisakhi somzimba esibalulekile esisekela umbono ojwayelekile, isikhumba esinempilo, ukukhula nokukhula kwamaseli, ukusebenza komzimba okuthuthukile, ukuzala nokukhula kombungu. Ukuba ngumsoco obalulekile, iVitamin A ayakhiqizwa ngumzimba womuntu futhi itholakala ekudleni kwethu okunempilo. Kutholakala kakhulu emithonjeni yezilwane njengobisi, amaqanda, isibindi kanye namafutha wesibindi senhlanzi ngendlela ye-retinol, uhlobo olusebenzayo lukaVithamini A. Lutholakala futhi emithonjeni yezitshalo efana isaqathe, ubhatata, isipinashi, upopoya, umango nethanga ngendlela yama-carotenoids, angama-provitamin A aguqulwa abe yi-retinol ngumzimba womuntu ngesikhathi sokugaya. Yize ukudla kukaVitamin A kusiza impilo yethu ngezindlela eziningi, izifundo eziningi zemitholampilo zihlolisise ubudlelwane obuphakathi kukavithamini A nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zomdlavuza.
Inhlangano kaVithamini A enengozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza
Olunye ucwaningo lwakamuva lokubheka emuva emtholampilo luveze ukuthi izithasiselo ezinjenge-beta-carotene zingakhuphula ingozi yomdlavuza wamaphaphu ikakhulukazi kubantu ababhemayo njengamanje kanye nabantu abanomlando obalulekile wokubhema.
Kokunye ukuhlola, abacwaningi bohlelo lweThoracic Oncology eMoffitt Cancer Center eFlorida, bafunde ukuxhumana ngokuhlola idatha ezifundweni eziyi-109,394 2008 futhi baphetha ngokuthi 'kubantu ababhemayo njengamanje, i-beta-carotene supplementation itholakale ihlotshaniswa kakhulu nobungozi obandayo bamaphaphu umdlavuza '(UTanvetyanon T et al, Cancer, XNUMX).
Ngaphandle kwalolu cwaningo, izifundo zangaphambilini zenziwa nakubantu ababhemayo besilisa, njengeCARET (Carotene neRetinol Efficacy Trial) (Omenn GS et al, New Engl J Med, 1996), kanye ne-ATBC (Alpha-Tocopherol Beta-Carotene) Cancer Prevention Study (Iqembu le-ATBC Cancer Prevention Study Group, i-New Engl J Med, 1994), futhi kukhombisile ukuthi ukuthatha imithamo ephezulu kaVitamin A akugcinanga ngokuvikela umdlavuza wamaphaphu, kodwa kukhombise ukwanda okukhulu kwengozi yomdlavuza wamaphaphu phakathi kwabahlanganyeli bocwaningo.
Kokunye ukuhlaziywa okuhlanganisiwe kwezifundo zomtholampilo ezahlukahlukene eziyi-15 ezashicilelwa ephephabhukwini laseMelika leClinical Nutrition ngo-2015, kwahlaziywa amacala angaphezu kuka-11,000 XNUMX, ukuthola ukuhlangana kwamazinga wamavithamini nomngcipheko womdlavuza. Kulobukhulu besampula obukhulu kakhulu, amazinga e-retinol ahlotshaniswa kahle nengozi yomdlavuza wesinye. (Ukhiye TJ et al, Am J Clin. Umsoco., 2015)
Ukuhlaziywa kokubukwa kwamasampuli angaphezu kuka-29,000 ababambiqhaza aqoqwe phakathi kuka-1985-1993 ocwaningweni lokuvikela umdlavuza lwe-ATBC, kubike ukuthi ekulandelweni kweminyaka emithathu, amadoda ane-serum retinol okuhlushwa aphezulu abe nengozi ephakeme yomdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa (Mondul AM et al, Am UJ Epidemiol, 3). Ukuhlaziywa kwakamuva nje kwe-NCI okuqhutshwa isifundo sokuvikela umdlavuza se-NCBC kulandelwa u-2011, kuqinisekisile ukutholwa kwangaphambilini kwenhlangano ye-serum retinol concentration enengozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza wesinye (UHada M et al, Am J Epidemiol, 2019).
Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kokuthi i-beta-carotene yemvelo ibalulekile ekudleni okunomsoco, ukudla ngokweqile lokhu ngokusebenzisa izithako ze-multivitamin kungaba yingozi futhi kungahle kungasizi njalo ekuvimbeleni umdlavuza. Njengoba ucwaningo lukhombisa, ukudla okuphezulu kwama-retinol kanye ne-carotenoid supplements kunamandla okwandisa ubungozi bemidlavuza njengomdlavuza wamaphaphu kwababhemayo nomdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa.
Ukudla Okufanele Ukudla Ngemuva Kokuxilongwa Komdlavuza!
Akukho mdlavuza owodwa ofanayo. Dlulela ngale kwemihlahlandlela ejwayelekile yokudla kuwo wonke umuntu futhi wenze izinqumo ezenziwe ngezifiso ngokudla nezithasiselo ngokuzethemba.
Ukuhlangana kweVithamini A ngokuncipha kobungozi bomdlavuza wesikhumba
Ucwaningo lomtholampilo luhlolisise idatha ehlobene nokudla kukaVitamin A kanye nobungozi be-squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba, kusuka kubahlanganyeli ezifundweni ezimbili ezinkulu, zesikhathi eside zokuhlola. Lezi zifundo bekuyi-Nurses 'Health Study (NHS) kanye ne-Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS). I-cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) uhlobo lwesibili lomdlavuza wesikhumba olulinganiselwa ku-7% kuya ku-11% e-United States. Ucwaningo lubandakanya imininingwane evela kwabesifazane baseMelika abangama-75,170 ababambe iqhaza ocwaningweni lwe-NHS, abaneminyaka yobudala engama-50.4, kanye nabesilisa abangama-48,400 base-US ababambe iqhaza ocwaningweni lwe-HPFS, abaneminyaka yobudala engama-54.3.UKim J et al, JAMA Dermatol., 2019).
Imiphumela esemqoka yalolu cwaningo ukuthi ukutholwa kukaVitamin A kuhlotshaniswa nobungozi obuphansi bomdlavuza wesikhumba (SCC). Iqembu ebelinesilinganiso esiphakeme kakhulu sansuku zonke sokusetshenziswa kukaVitamin A belinengcuphe encishisiwe engu-17% ye-SCC enqamulelayo uma iqhathaniswa neqembu elidle iVithamini A. elincane kakhulu belitholakala kakhulu emithonjeni yokudla hhayi kwizithasiselo zokudla. Ukudla okuphezulu kwe-vitamin A, i-retinol, ne-carotenoids, okuvame ukutholakala kwizithelo nemifino ehlukahlukene, kwakuhlotshaniswa nengozi ephansi ye-SCC.
Imithombo, Izinzuzo kanye Nengozi kaVithamini B6 kanye neB12 kuCancer
Imithombo : Uvithamini B6 kanye no-B12 amavithamini ancibilika emanzini atholakala kakhulu ekudleni okuningi. Uvithamini B6 yi-pyridoxine, pyridoxal kanye ne-pyridoxamine compounds. Kungumsoco obalulekile futhi uyi-coenzyme yezindlela eziningi zokuphendula komzimba emzimbeni wethu, idlala indima ekukhuleni kwengqondo, ukwakheka kwe-hemoglobin nokusebenza komzimba. Ukudla okunothile kuka-Vitamin B6 kufaka phakathi inhlanzi, inkukhu, i-tofu, inyama yenkomo, ubhatata, ubhanana, amazambane, ukwatapheya nama-pistachio.
UVitamin B12, owaziwa nangokuthi i-cobalamin, usiza ekugcineni izinzwa namaseli egazi enempilo futhi kuyadingeka ekwenzeni i-DNA. Ukushoda kwayo kukavithamini B12 kwaziwa ngokubanga i-anemia, ubuthakathaka nokukhathala ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi ukudla kwethu kwansuku zonke kufake nokudla okuqukethe i-Vitamin B12. Ngenye indlela, abantu basebenzisa izengezo zikavithamini B noma ama-B-complex noma ama-multivitamin supplements afaka lawa mavithamini. Imithombo kavithamini B12 yizinhlanzi nemikhiqizo yezilwane njengobisi, inyama namaqanda nezitshalo nemikhiqizo yezitshalo efana ne-tofu nemikhiqizo yesoya ebilile kanye nokhula lwasolwandle.
Ukuhlanganiswa kweVitamin B6 ne-Cancer Risk
Inani elincane lokuhlolwa komtholampilo okuqediwe kuze kube manje alibonisanga ukuthi ukwengezwa kukavithamini B6 kunganciphisa ukufa noma kusize ekuvimbeleni umdlavuza. Ukuhlaziywa kwemininingwane evela ezifundweni ezimbili ezinkulu zomtholampilo eNorway akutholanga kuhlangana phakathi kokungezelelwa kwe-vitamin B6 nokwanda komdlavuza nokufa. (Ebbing M, et al, JAMA, 2009) Ngakho-ke, ubufakazi bokusetshenziswa kukavithamini B6 ukuvikela noma ukwelapha umdlavuza noma ukunciphisa ubuthi obuhambisana nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali akucaci noma kufingqiwe. Yize, i-400 mg kavithamini B6 ingasebenza ekwehliseni izehlakalo zesifo sonyawo, isandla se-chemotherapy. (Chen M, et al, PLoS One, 2013) Ukwengezwa kukavithamini B6, nokho, akubonisanga ukuthi kwandise ingozi yomdlavuza.
Ukuhlanganiswa kweVitamin B12 ne-Cancer Risk
TNazi izinkinga ezikhulayo ekusetshenzisweni kwesikhathi eside komthamo ophezulu we-Vitamin B12 kanye nokuhlangana kwayo nengozi yomdlavuza. Kwenziwa izifundo ezahlukahlukene nokuhlaziywa ukuphenya umthelela wokudla kweVitamin B12 engcupheni yomdlavuza.
Ucwaningo lwesilingo somtholampilo, oluthiwa yi-B-PROOF (B Vitamins for the Prevention of Osteoporotic Fractures), lwenziwa eNetherlands ukuhlola umphumela wokwengezelelwa nsuku zonke ngevithamini B12 (500 μg) kanye ne-folic acid (400 μg), ye-2 kuya eminyakeni emi-3, ngezigameko zokwephuka. Imininingwane evela kulolu cwaningo isetshenziswe ngabaphenyi ukuqhubeka nokuphenya ngomthelela wokwengezwa kwesikhathi eside kweVitamin B12 engcupheni yomdlavuza. Ukuhlaziywa kufaka imininingwane evela kubahlanganyeli abangama-2524 besilingo se-B-PROOF futhi kwatholakala ukuthi i-folic acid yesikhathi eside kanye ne-vitamin B12 supplementation yayihlotshaniswa nengozi enkulu yomdlavuza jikelele kanye nengozi ephakeme kakhulu yomdlavuza obala. Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi basikisela ukuqinisekisa lokhu okutholwe ezifundweni ezinkulu, ukuze banqume ukuthi ukwengeza i-Vitamin B12 kufanele kuvinjelwe kuphela labo abanokushoda kwe-B12 okwaziwayo (Oliai Araghi S et al, Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev., 2019).
Kwesinye isifundo samazwe omhlaba esishicilelwe muva nje, abacwaningi bahlaziye imiphumela evela ezifundweni ezingama-20 ezisuselwa kubantu kanye nemininingwane evela emacaleni omdlavuza wamaphaphu angama-5,183 kanye nezilawuli zawo ezihambisanayo ezingama-5,183, ukuhlola umthelela wokuhlushwa okuphezulu kwevithamini B12 engcupheni yomdlavuza ngezilinganiso eziqondile zokusabalalisa uvithamini B12 amasampula egazi wangaphambi kokuxilongwa. Ngokuya ngokuhlaziywa kwabo, baphethe ngokuthi ukugxila okuphezulu kwe-vitamin B12 kuhlotshaniswa nobungozi obandayo bomdlavuza wamaphaphu kanye nawo wonke amazinga aphindwe kabili kaVitamin B12, ingozi inyuke ngo ~ 15% (UFanidi A et al, Int J Cancer., 2019).
Okutholakele okuyinhloko kuzo zonke lezi zifundo kuphakamisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside komthamo omkhulu iVitamin B12 kuhlotshaniswa nobungozi obandayo bomdlavuza onjengomdlavuza we-colorectal kanye nomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Yize lokhu kungasho ukuthi sisusa ngokuphelele i-Vitamin B12 ekudleni kwethu, ngoba sidinga inani elanele le-Vitamin B12 njengengxenye yokudla okujwayelekile noma uma sinenkinga ye-B12. Esikudingayo ukukugwema ukwengeza ngokweqile ivithamini B12 (ngaphesheya kwezinga elanele).
Imithombo, Izinzuzo kanye Nengozi kaVithamini C kuMdlavuza
Imithombo : Vitamin C, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-ascorbic acid, iyincibilikisi enamanzi, izakhi ezibalulekile ezitholakala emithonjeni eminingi yokudla. Inezinto zokulwa ne-antioxidant ezisiza ukuvikela amaseli ethu ekulimaleni okubangelwa ama-radicals amahhala. Ama-radicals amahhala ngamakhompiyutha asebenzayo akhiqizwa lapho umzimba wethu uhlanganisa ukudla futhi wakhiqizwa ngenxa yokuchayeka kwemvelo njengokubhema ugwayi, ukungcoliswa komoya noma imisebe ye-ultraviolet ekukhanyeni kwelanga. UVitamin C uyadingeka nasemzimbeni ukwenza i-collagen esiza ekwelapheni isilonda; futhi kuyasiza ekugcineni i- amasosha omzimba aqinile futhi aqinile. Imithombo yokudla enothe ngo-Vitamin C ifaka izithelo ezisawolintshi ezifana ne-orange, grapefruit nelamula, upelepele obomvu noluhlaza okotshani, izithelo ze-kiwi, i-cantaloupe, ama-strawberry, imifino ye-cruciferous, umango, upopo, uphayinaphu kanye nezinye izithelo nemifino.
Inhlangano Ezuzisayo kaVithamini C Nobungozi Bomdlavuza
Kube nezifundo eziningi zomtholampilo eziphenya ngemiphumela ezuzisayo yokusebenzisa umthamo ophakeme we-Vitamin C kuma-cancer ahlukile. Ukuhlolwa komtholampilo okwenzelwe kahle ukusetshenziswa kukaVithamini C ngendlela yokwengeza ngomlomo akutholanga nzuzo kubantu abanomdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, muva nje, iVitamin C enikezwe ngemithambo itholakele ikhombisa umthelela ozuzisayo ngokungafani nomthamo osefomini yomlomo. Ukutholakala kwabo emithanjeni kutholakale kuphephile futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nokunciphisa ubuthi uma kusetshenziswa kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali.
Kwenziwa ucwaningo lomtholampilo ezigulini zomdlavuza ezisanda kutholakala ze-glioblastoma (GBM), ukuhlola ukuphepha kanye nomthelela wokufakwa kwe-pharmacological ascorbate (Vitamin C), okunikezwa kanye nokwelashwa okujwayelekile kwemisebe kanye ne-temozolomide (RT / TMZ) ye-GBM. (U-Allen BG et al, iCancer Cancer Res., 2019) Imiphumela yalolu cwaningo iphakamisa ukuthi ukufaka umthamo ophakeme we-Vitamin C noma i-ascorbate kwiziguli ezinomdlavuza we-GBM kuphindwe kabili ukusinda kwabo konke kusuka ezinyangeni eziyi-12 kuye ezinyangeni ezingama-23, ikakhulukazi ezifundweni ezazinophawu olwaziwayo lwesibikezelo esibi. Izifundo ezi-3 kwezingu-11 bezisaphila ngenkathi kubhalwa lolu cwaningo ngo-2019. Imiphumela emibi kuphela etholwe yilezi zihloko kwakungumlomo owomile nokubandayo okuhambisana nokufakwa kwe-ascorbate, kanti eminye imiphumela emibi kakhulu yokukhathala, isicanucanu kanye ngisho nezehlakalo ezimbi ze-hematological ezihambisana ne-TMZ ne-RT zehlisiwe.
Ukwengezwa kuka-Vitamin C kukhombise umthelela wokusebenzisana ne-hypomethylating agent (HMA) drug Decitabine, ye-acute myeloid leukemia. Izinga lokuphendula lemithi ye-HMA ngokuvamile liphansi, cishe kuphela ngama-35-45% (Welch JS et al, New Engl. J Med., 2016). Ucwaningo lwakamuva olwenziwe eChina luhlolisise umthelela wokuhlanganisa iVitamin C neDecitabine ezigulini ezinomdlavuza ezindala ezine-AML. Imiphumela yabo ikhombise ukuthi iziguli ezinomdlavuza ezithathe iDecitabine zihlangene noVitamin C bezinezinga eliphelele lokuxolelwa elingu-79.92% uma kuqhathaniswa no-44.11% kulabo abathathe iDecitabine kuphela (UZhao H et al, Leuk Res., 2018Isisekelo sesayensi sokuthi uVitamin C wakuthuthukisa kanjani ukuphendula kweDecitabine ezigulini zomdlavuza sanqunywa futhi kwakungeyona nje into eyenzeka ngengozi.
Lezi zifundo zikhomba ukuthi ukumuncwa okuphezulu kwe-Vitamin C kungagcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukubekezelela okwelaphayo kwemithi yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, kepha kunamandla okukhulisa ikhwalithi yempilo yeziguli nokuncipha ubuthi yemithi yokwelashwa ngemisebe nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali. Umthamo ophakeme kavithamini C onikezwa ngomlomo awudonswa kahle ukufeza ukugxila okuphezulu ngokufakwa kwe-vitamin C emthanjeni, yingakho kungakhombisanga zinzuzo. Ukufakwa okuphezulu kwe-vitamin C (ascorbate) kukhombisile nethembiso ekwehliseni ubuthi bamakhemikhali afana ne-gemcitabine, i-carboplatin ne-paclitaxel kumdlavuza we-pancreatic kanye ne-ovarian. (Welsh JL et al, Cancer Chemother Pharmacol., 2013; Ma Y et al, Sci. Humusha. IMed., 2014)
Imithombo, Izinzuzo kanye Nengozi kaVithamini D kuMdlavuza
Imithombo : UVitamin D yisakhi esidingekayo emizimbeni yethu ukuze sigcine amathambo aqinile ngokusiza ekutholeni i-calcium ekudleni nakwizithasiselo. Futhi kuyadingeka kweminye imisebenzi eminingi yomzimba kubandakanya ukunyakaza kwemisipha, ukusayina kwemizwa nokusebenza kwamasosha ethu omzimba ukulwa nezifo. Imithombo yokudla ecebile ku-Vitamin D yizinhlanzi ezinamafutha njenge-salmon, i-tuna, i-mackerel, inyama, amaqanda, imikhiqizo yobisi, amakhowe. Imizimba yethu nayo yenza uVitamin D lapho isikhumba sivezwe ngqo yilanga.
Ukuhlangana kweVitamin D ne-Cancer Risk
Ucwaningo olulindelwe lomtholampilo lwenziwe ukubhekana nombuzo wokuthi ngabe ukwesekwa kukaVitamin D kuyasiza yini ekuvikeleni umdlavuza. Isivivinyo somtholampilo i-VITAL (i-VITamin D ne-omegA-3 isilingo) (i-NCT01169259) kwakuyisilingo ezweni lonke, esasizoba khona, nesilingo, ngemiphumela esanda kushicilelwa ku-New England Journal of Medicine (UManson JE et al, New Engl J Med., 2019).
Bangu-25,871 50 ababambe iqhaza kulolu cwaningo ababandakanya abesilisa abaneminyaka engama-55 kuya phezulu nabesifazane abaneminyaka engama-3 nangaphezulu. Ababambe iqhaza bahlukaniswe ngezikhathi ezithile baba iqembu elithatha i-Vitamin D2000 (cholecalciferol) engeza nge-2 IU ngosuku, okuyizikhathi ezingama-3-XNUMX isabelo sokudla esinconyiwe. Iqembu elilawula i-placebo alizange lithathe noma yisiphi isengezo sikaVitamin D Akekho noyedwa wabahlanganyeli ababhalisile owayenomlando wangaphambilini womdlavuza.
Imiphumela yocwaningo lwe-VITAL ayibonisanga mehluko ophawulekayo ngokwezifo ekuhlolweni komdlavuza phakathi kwamavithamini D namaqembu e-placebo. Ngakho-ke, ukwengezelwa okuphezulu kweVitamin D bekungahlotshaniswa nengozi ephansi yomdlavuza noma ukwehla komdlavuza ongenayo. Ngakho-ke, lolu cwaningo olukhulu, olwenziwe ngokungahleliwe lukhombisa ngokusobala ukuthi ukwengeza okuphezulu kwe-Vitamin D kungasiza ngezimo ezihlobene namathambo kepha ukwengezwa ngokweqile akulifaki inani kumbono wokuvikela umdlavuza.
Imithombo, Izinzuzo kanye Nengozi kaVitamin E kuCancer
Imithombo : Vitamin E yiqembu lezakhi ezinomsoco we-antioxidant oncibilikayo otholakala ekudleni okuningi. Yenziwe ngamaqembu amabili amakhemikhali: ama-tocopherols kanye ne-tocotrienols, kanti owokuqala waba umthombo omkhulu we-vitamin E ekudleni kwethu. Izici ze-antioxidant zikavithamini E zisiza ekuvikeleni amaseli ethu ekulimaleni okubangelwe ngama-radicals wamahhala asebenzayo kanye nengcindezi ye-oxidative. Iyadingeka ezinzuzweni eziningi zezempilo ezisukela ekunakekelweni kwesikhumba ziye ekuthuthukisweni kwenhliziyo nobuchopho. Ukudla okunothe ku-Vitamin E kufaka uwoyela wommbila, uwoyela wemifino, uwoyela wesundu, ama-alimondi, ama-hazelnuts, ama-pinenuts, imbewu ye-sunflower ngaphandle kwezinye izithelo nemifino eminingi. Ukudla okuphezulu kuma-tocotrienols kukhona ilayisi, oats, rye, ibhali namafutha esundu.
Ukuhlangana kukaVitamin E nobungozi beCancer
Izifundo eziningi zomtholampilo zikhombise ukwanda komdlavuza ngomthamo ophakeme weVitamin E.
Ucwaningo olususelwe eminyangweni ehlukene ye-neuro oncology kanye neye-neurosurgery kwizibhedlela zonke zase-US luhlaziye imininingwane yezingxoxo ezihlelekile ezivela ezigulini ezingama-470 ezenziwa ngemuva kokutholakala komdlavuza wobuchopho i-glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Imiphumela ikhombise ukuthi abasebenzisi bakaVitamin E babene ukufa okuphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nalezo ziguli ezinomdlavuza ezingazange zisebenzise uVitamin E.UMulphur BH et al, uNeurooncol Pract., 2015)
Kwesinye isifundo esivela eSweden kanye neCancer Registry yaseNorway, abacwaningi bathathe indlela ehlukile yokunquma izinto ezinobungozi zomdlavuza wobuchopho, i-glioblastoma. Bathathe amasampula we-serum kuze kube yiminyaka engama-22 ngaphambi kokuxilongwa kwe-glioblastoma futhi baqhathanisa ukugxila kwemetabolite kwamasampuli we-serum walabo abakha umdlavuza kulabo abangawutholanga. Bathola ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kakhulu kwe-serum kaVitamin E isoform alpha-tocopherol kanye ne-gamma-tocopherol ezimweni ezakha i-glioblastoma. (UBjorkblom B et al, Oncotarget, 2016)
Isilingo esikhulu kakhulu seSelenium neVitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT) senziwe emadodeni angaphezu kwama-35,000 ukuhlola ubungozi bokusizakala kweVitamin E. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa emadodeni abeneminyaka engama-50 noma ngaphezulu futhi abenamazinga aphansi e-prostate specific antigen (PSA) ka-4.0 ng / ml noma ngaphansi. Uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo abangathathanga izithako ze-Vitamin E (i-Placebo noma iqembu lesethenjwa), ucwaningo luthole ukwanda okuphelele kwengozi yomdlavuza wendlala yabadla izithasiselo zikavithamini E. Ngakho-ke, ukungezelelwa kokudla okuneVitamin E kuhlotshaniswa nengozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa phakathi kwamadoda aphilile. (UKlein EA et al, JAMA, 2011)
Ku-alpha-tocopherol, ucwaningo lokuvikela umdlavuza lwe-beta-carotene lwe-ATBC olwenziwe kubantu ababhemayo besilisa abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 ubudala, abatholanga ukuncipha ezimeni zomdlavuza wamaphaphu ngemuva kweminyaka emihlanu kuya kwengu-1994 yokwengezelelwa ekudleni nge-alpha-tocopherol. (U-Engl J Med omusha, XNUMX)
Izinzuzo zikaVitamin E kumdlavuza we-Ovarian
Ngomongo we-ovarian umdlavuza, I-tocotrienol eyinhlanganisela ye-Vitamin E ibonise izinzuzo lapho isetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nendinganiso yokunakekelwa kwesidakamizwa i-bevacizumab (i-Avastin) ezigulini ebezingazweli ekwelashweni ngamakhemikhali. Abacwaningi baseDenmark, bafunde umphumela weqembu le-tocotrienol le-Vitamin E lihlanganiswe ne-bevacizumab ezigulini ezinomdlavuza wesibeletho ezingazange ziphendule ekwelashweni ngamakhemikhali. Ucwaningo lubandakanya iziguli ezingama-23. Inhlanganisela ye-Vitamin E/tocotrienol ne-bevacizumab ibonise ubuthi obuphansi kakhulu ezigulini ezinomdlavuza futhi yaba nezinga lokusimama kwezifo ezingama-70%. (I-Thomsen CB et al, i-Pharmacol Res., 2019)
Imithombo, Izinzuzo kanye Nengozi kaVithamini K kuMdlavuza
Imithombo : UVitamin K yisakhi somzimba esiyisihluthulelo esidingekayo ekunqandeni igazi nasemathanjeni aphilile, ngaphandle kweminye imisebenzi eminingi emzimbeni. Ukushoda kwayo kungadala ukulimala nokuphuma kwegazi. Itholakala ngokwemvelo ekudleni okuningi kubandakanya imifino eluhlaza njengama-spinach, kale, broccoli, ulethisi; kumafutha emifino, izithelo ezifana nama-blueberries namakhiwane ngisho nasenyameni, ushizi, amaqanda nosoya. Njengamanje abukho ubufakazi basemtholampilo bokuhlangana kukaVitamin K onengozi eyengeziwe noma enciphile yeCancer.
Isiphetho
Zonke izifundo zemitholampilo ezahlukahlukene zikhomba ukuthi ukudla amavithamini nezakhi zomzimba ngendlela yokudla kwemvelo, izithelo, imifino, inyama, amaqanda, imikhiqizo yobisi, okusanhlamvu, owoyela njengengxenye yokudla okunempilo, nokulinganisela yilokho okusizuzisa kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwama-multivitamini noma izithasiselo zamavithamini ngazinye akubonisanga ukwengeza inani elikhulu ekuvikeleni ubungozi bomdlavuza, futhi kungaba namandla okudala ukulimala. Ezimweni eziningi, izifundo zithole ukuhlangana kwamanani aphakeme wamavithamini noma ama-multivitamini anengozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza. Kukuzimo ezithile kuphela njengasesimweni sokufakwa kwe-Vitamin C ezigulini zomdlavuza ezine-GBM noma i-Leukemia noma ukusetshenziswa kwe-tocotrienol / vitamin E ezigulini zomdlavuza we-ovarian kubonise umthelela omuhle ekuthuthukiseni imiphumela nasekunciphiseni imiphumela emibi.
Ngakho-ke, ubufakazi besayensi bukhombisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile nokungahleliwe kwamavithamini amaningi kanye nama-multivitamin supplements akusizi ekwehliseni ingozi yomdlavuza. Lezi zithasiselo ze-multivitamin kufanele zisetshenziselwe umdlavuza kuzincomo ezivela kochwepheshe bezempilo kumongo nesimo esifanele. Ngakho-ke izinhlangano ezibandakanya i-Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, i-American Cancer Society, i-American Institute of Cancer Research kanye ne-American Heart Association azikukhuthazi ukusetshenziswa kokudla Izithako noma ama-multivitamin ukuvikela umdlavuza noma isifo senhliziyo.
Ukudla okudlayo nokuthi yikuphi okunezelayo okwenzayo yisinqumo osithathayo. Isinqumo sakho kufanele sifake ukucutshungulwa kwezakhi zofuzo zomdlavuza, okuwumdlavuza, ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kanye nezithasiselo, noma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba, imininingwane yokuphila, isisindo, ubude nemikhuba.
Ukuhlelela okunomsoco komdlavuza kusuka ku-addon akususelwa ekusesheni kwe-inthanethi. Kwenzela wena ukuthathela izinqumo ngokuya ngesayensi yamangqamuzana eyenziwe ososayensi bethu nonjiniyela be-software. Kungakhathalekile ukuthi ngabe uyakukhathalela ukuqonda okuyisisekelo kwamakhemikhali amakhemikhali noma cha - wokuhlelela umsoco ukuhlela lokho kudinga ukuqonda.
Qalisa MANJE ngokuhlela kwakho okunomsoco ngokuphendula imibuzo egameni lomdlavuza, ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo, ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kanye nezithasiselo, noma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba, imikhuba, indlela yokuphila, iqembu lobudala nobulili.
Ukudla Okungokwakho Komdlavuza!
Umdlavuza uyashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Enza ngendlela oyifisayo futhi uguqule umsoco wakho ngokusekelwe kunkomba yomdlavuza, ukwelashwa, indlela yokuphila, okuncamelayo kokudla, izinto ezingakuphathi kahle nezinye izici.
Iziguli ezinomdlavuza ngokuvamile kufanele zibhekane nokuhlukile imiphumela emibi ye-chemotherapy ezithinta ikhwalithi yempilo yazo futhi zibheke ezinye izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza ukudla okunomsoco nezithasiselo ezisuselwa ekucabangeni kwesayensi (ukugwema ukuqagela nokukhetha okungahleliwe) yikhambi elingcono kakhulu lemvelo lomdlavuza nemiphumela emibi ehlobene nokwelashwa.