highlights
Cov kev tshawb pom los ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb sib txawv qhia tias cov neeg siv cov khoom lag luam tsis haus luam yeeb muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm kev tsim cov qog nqaij hlav sib txawv nrog rau cov qog nqaij hlav taub hau thiab caj dab, tshwj xeeb yog mob qog noj ntshav hauv qhov ncauj, mob qog noj ntshav, mob qog noj ntshav, laryngeal cancer, esophageal cancer; thiab mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic. Kev haus luam yeeb tsis yog ib qho kev nyab xeeb dua rau kev haus luam yeeb. Tsis hais txog hom, daim ntawv thiab txoj kev noj, txhua yam khoom siv luam yeeb (txawm yog noj ib leeg lossis nrog cov nplooj, cov txiv ntoo / cov txiv ntoo thiab cov txiv qaub) yuav tsum raug txiav txim siab tsis zoo thiab siv lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob poob siab kom txo tau txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cancer.
Kev haus luam yeeb yog ib qho ua rau muaj mob cancer. Raws li Koom Haum Ntiaj Teb Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv, kev haus luam yeeb ua rau neeg tuag ntau dua 8 lab tib neeg hauv ib xyoos nyob ib puag ncig. Muaj nyob ib ncig ntawm 1.3 billion tus neeg haus luam yeeb thoob ntiaj teb nrog ntau dua 80% ntawm lawv nyob hauv cov teb chaws qis thiab nruab nrab cov nyiaj tau los. Cov neeg feem ntau siv cov khoom luam yeeb rau kev ua luam yeeb tshuaj tsw qab, muaj cov tshuaj muaj yees nyob hauv cov yeeb yam luam yeeb.
Dhau li ntawm cov pa luam yeeb nicotine, cov pa luam yeeb tseem muaj ntau tshaj 7000 yam tshuaj lom neeg suav nrog 70 tus kabmob carcinogens tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav, nrog rau ntau qhov ua rau DNA. Qee yam ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj xws li hydrogen cyanide, formaldehyde, hmoov txhuas, arsenic, ammonia, benzene, carbon monoxide, nitrosamines thiab polycyclic uas muaj ntxhiab hydrocarbons (PAHs). Cov nplooj yeeb nkab tseem muaj qee yam tshuaj lom neeg xws li Uranium, Polonium-210 thiab Lead-210 uas tau yoog los ntawm cov phosphate high-chiv chiv, av thiab huab cua. Kev siv luam yeeb tuaj yeem ua rau ntau hom mob cancer, suav nrog mob ntsws, mob ntsws, lub qhov ncauj, txoj hlab pas, mob caj pas, zais zis, lub raum, mob siab, mob plab, mob hnyuv, mob hnyuv, mob plab thiab mob ncauj tsev menyuam, nrog rau mob qog nqaij hlav ntshav siab.
Qhov no ua rau cov lus nug txog seb kev haus luam yeeb tsis haus luam yeeb puas yog txoj hauv kev muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua rau kev haus luam yeeb luam yeeb thiab lwm yam luam yeeb? Cia peb nrhiav kom paub!
Haus Luam yeeb Yog Dab Tsi?
Cov pa luam yeeb uas tsis muaj pa luam yeeb yog siv los ntawm qhov ncauj lossis ntawm cov ntswg zoo, tsis pub hlawv cov khoom lag luam. Muaj ntau yam luam yeeb uas tsis muaj cov pa luam yeeb xws li zom luam yeeb, luam yeeb, hnoos thiab ua luam yeeb yaj kiab.
Ntxo, los yog nqij
Cov no yog cov nplooj xoob, ntsaws, lossis me me ntawm cov luam yeeb ziab tej zaum muaj tsw, uas yog zom lossis muab tso ntawm sab plhu thiab cov pos hniav lossis cov hniav, thiab cov kua qaub daj uas ua rau tawg lossis nqos. Cov nicotine uas muaj nyob hauv luam yeeb yuav nqus tau ntawm cov nqaij hauv qhov ncauj.
Nqus Pa lossis Nqus Yeeb
Cov no yog cov luam yeeb hauv av, muag ua cov ntaub ntawv qhuav lossis ntub, thiab tuaj yeem muaj cov tsw qab ntxiv. Yuav tau hnia qhuav, muaj nyob hauv cov ntawv hmoov, yog hnia lossis nqus tau ntawm qhov ntswg kab noj hniav. Noo pa snuff tso rau hauv nruab nrab daim di ncauj lossis sab plhu thiab cov pos hniav thiab cov nicotine yog nqus tau los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub qhov ncauj.
Qwj
Ib hom dej noo snuff flavored nrog cov txuj lom lossis txiv hmab txiv ntoo, uas tau tuav ntawm cov pos hniav thiab lub qhov ncauj thiab cov kua txiv yog nqos.
Dissolvable luam yeeb
Cov no yog qhov tsw, yaj, ua haujlwm, ua haujlwm, luam yeeb uas yaj hauv lub qhov ncauj thiab tsis tas yuav muaj cov kua haus luam yeeb.
Ib yam li luam yeeb, luam yeeb loj thiab lwm yam khoom luam yeeb, kev haus luam yeeb tsis raug haus luam yeeb tseem yog ib qho muaj yees ntxiv vim cov ntsiab lus nicotine.
Puas muaj mob Cancer ua rau muaj kuab lom nyob rau hauv Cov Luam Yeeb?
Ntau ntawm peb kuj muaj kev xav tsis zoo tias cov khoom lag luam luam yeeb tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb dua rau kev haus luam yeeb vim tias lawv yuav tsis txuas rau lub ntsws. cancer. Txawm li cas los xij, kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav tsis txwv rau cov neeg uas "tsim" haus luam yeeb. Cov neeg uas siv cov khoom lag luam uas tsis haus luam yeeb kuj muaj feem cuam tshuam rau ntau hom qog noj ntshav. Qhov tseeb, tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev haus luam yeeb lossis qib kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev haus luam yeeb.
Muaj 28 qhov sib txawv ntawm cov mob qog nqaij hlav ua rau cov neeg sawv cev lossis carcinogens pom nyob rau hauv cov khoom luam yeeb tsis haus luam yeeb. Ntawm cov no, cov teeb meem phom sij tshaj plaws ntawm kabmob kheesxaws yog cov pa luam yeeb nitrosamines (TSNAs). Ntxiv rau TSNAs, lwm cov carcinogens tam sim no hauv cov pa luam yeeb uas tsis muaj pa xws li N-nitrosoamino acids, nrov nrov N-nitrosamines, cov hluav taws xob aldehydes, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) thiab cov tshuaj yeeb yaj kiab xws li polonium-210 thiab uranium-235 thiab -238. (Lub Chaw Haujlwm Thoob Ntiaj Teb rau Kev Tshawb Nrhiav Kab Mob Cancer (IARC), Lub Koom Haum Ntiaj Teb Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv)
Cov zaub mov noj tom qab kuaj mob qog noj ntshav!
Tsis muaj ob yam mob qog noj ntshav zoo ib yam. Mus dhau qhov txheej txheem kev noj zaub mov zoo rau txhua tus thiab txiav txim siab tus kheej txog zaub mov thiab tshuaj ntxiv nrog kev ntseeg siab.
Cov Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Noj Qab Nyob Zoo Nrog Kev Haus Luam Yeeb
Vim tias muaj cov tshuaj phiv thiab tshuaj carcinogens, kev siv cov pa luam yeeb uas tsis muaj haus luam yeeb kuj tseem cuam tshuam nrog ntau yam teebmeem kev noj qab haus huv. Qee qhov ntawm no tau teev tseg hauv qab no:
- Txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm ntau hom qog nqaij
- Raug cov tshuaj tsw qab ntau dhau li cov pa luam yeeb uas tsis haus luam yeeb feem ntau siv ntau dua li piv rau cov haus luam yeeb uas tau ua tsis tseg nyob rau ib hnub.
- Kev Pheej Mob Mob Plawv
- Cov kab mob ntawm cov pos hniav, kab noj hniav, hniav puas, hniav pos hniav, hniav puas, ua pa tsw phem, pob txha ncig ncig cov hauv paus hniav thiab ua kom cov hniav tsis huv.
- Cov Qhov ncauj mob tseem ceeb xws li mob leukoplakia
- Cov khaub noom zoo li tsis muaj pa luam yeeb tuaj yeem ntxim nyiam me nyuam yaus thiab tuaj yeem ua rau cuam tshuam nrog nicotine.
Kev Siv Luam Yeeb Tsis Yoo thiab Mob Kob Mob Cancer
Cov kev tshawb fawb sib txawv thiab cov kev ntsuam xyuas zoo hauv lub cev tau tshawb fawb thoob plaws ntiaj teb los soj ntsuam cov koom haum ntawm kev siv luam yeeb haus luam yeeb thiab mob qog noj ntshav. Cov kev tshawb pom los ntawm qee qhov kev tshawb fawb no tau ntxiv rau hauv qab no.
Kev Haus Luam Yeeb Tsis Siv thiab Qhov Yuav Khees Xaws Mob Cancer
- Cov kws tshawb nrhiav los ntawm ICMR-National Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Kev Tiv Thaiv Cancer thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb, Is Nrias teb tau tshawb xyuas 37 txoj kev tshawb fawb luam tawm nyob nruab nrab ntawm 1960 thiab 2016, txhawm rau ntsuas kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev haus luam yeeb haus luam yeeb thiab mob qog nqaij hlav cancer. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv hauv Pubmed, Indmed, EMBASE, thiab Google Scholar databases / search engines. Cov kws tshawb nrhiav pom tias kev haus luam yeeb haus luam yeeb tau cuam tshuam txog kev pheej hmoo mob qog nqaij hlav cancer hauv qhov ncauj ntau dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau cov cheeb tsam sab hnub tuaj Asia, Sab Hnub Tuaj Mediterranean, thiab ntawm cov poj niam siv. (Smita Asthana li al, Nicotine Tob Res., 2019)
- Hauv kev tshawb xyuas meta-kev tshawb fawb txog 25 txoj kev tshawb nrhiav los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm Is Nrias teb, lawv pom tias kev haus luam yeeb tsis raug mob tau cuam tshuam nrog kev nce ntxiv ntawm qhov ncauj, pharyngeal, laryngeal, esophageal thiab mob plab. Lawv kuj pom tias thaum piv nrog txiv neej, poj niam muaj feem ntau yuav mob qog nqaij hlav qhov ncauj, tab sis kev pheej hmoo tsawg dua ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav. (Dhirendra N Sinha li al, Int J Cancer., 2016)
- Cov kws tshawb nrhiav los ntawm Leibniz Lub Koom Haum rau Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Kev Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob-BIPS hauv Tebchaws Yelemees thiab Khyber Medical University hauv Pakistan, tau ua qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas zoo ntawm 21 cov ntawv tshaj tawm los ntsuas qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav nrog kev siv ntau yam luam yeeb haus luam yeeb. Cov ntaub ntawv tau txais los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav ntaub ntawv hauv Medline thiab ISI Lub Vev Xaib ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb, rau kev tshawb nrhiav kev soj ntsuam luam tawm hauv South Asia txij xyoo 1984 txog 2013. Lawv pom tias kev haus luam yeeb thiab siv paan nrog luam yeeb muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev pheej hmoo mob qog noj ntshav qog nqaij hlav cancer. (Zohaib Khan li al, J Cancer Epidemiol., 2014)
- Kev tshawb xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm 15 qhov kev tshawb fawb tau ua los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Griffith University hauv Australia los ntsuas kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev siv lub qhov ncauj haus luam yeeb hauv ib daim ntawv twg, betel quid (muaj cov nplooj pob, areca txiv ntoo / betel txiv ntseej thiab cov txiv qaub slaked) tsis muaj haus luam yeeb thiab areca txiv ntoo, nrog kev muaj mob qog nqaij hlav cancer hauv South Asia thiab Pacific. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv hauv Pubmed, CINAHL thiab Cochrane cov chaw khaws cia txog Lub Rau Hli 2013. Txoj kev tshawb pom pom tias kev haus luam yeeb muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawm tsam kev mob hlwb ntawm lub qhov ncauj ntawm lub qhov ncauj. Txoj kev tshawb no tseem pom tias kev siv tshuaj ntsuab betel (muaj cov nplooj pob betel, isca txiv ntoo / cog txiv ntoo thiab cov txiv qaub ntsuab) uas tsis haus luam yeeb tseem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo mob qog nqaij hlav cancer ntau ntxiv, tej zaum vim yog lub carcinogenicity ntawm areca txiv ntoo.
Qhov uas nrhiav tau ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb no qhia txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev siv ntau yam luam yeeb (nrog los yog tsis muaj cov nplooj pob, cov noob txiv / tshuaj ntsuab thiab cov txiv qaub thiab cov txiv qaub ntsuab) thiab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo mob qog nqaij hlav cancer.
Kev Siv Luam Yeeb Tsis Yooj Yim thiab Tuav Muaj Mob Tawv Hau thiab Caj Dab
Cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, North Carolina tau tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm 11 US cov ntaub ntawv tswj kev tshawb fawb (1981-2006) ntawm qhov ncauj, pharyngeal, thiab laryngeal cancers uas muaj 6,772 tus neeg thiab 8,375 tswj, hauv International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology ( INHANCE) Consortium. Lawv pom tias cov neeg uas tsis haus luam yeeb tab sis siv snuff tau cuam tshuam nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub taub hau thiab caj dab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov ncauj kab noj hniav. Cancer. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv pom tias kev haus luam yeeb kuj tseem cuam tshuam nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav hauv qhov ncauj, txawm hais tias lub koom haum tau pom tias tsis muaj zog thaum tag nrho lwm qhov chaw ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav hauv taub hau thiab caj dab tau sib sau ua ke. (Annah B Wyss et al, Am J Epidemiol., 2016)
Txoj kev tshawb no xaus lus tias cov haus luam yeeb uas tsis raug haus luam yeeb yuav cuam tshuam nrog kev pheej hmoo mob taub hau thiab caj dab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov qog nqaij hlav qhov ncauj, nrog qhov kev pheej hmoo ntau ntxiv thaum siv snuff piv rau haus luam yeeb.
Kev Haus Cawv thiab Luam Yeeb Kev Haus Luam Yeeb thiab Yuav Phom Sij rau Cov Neeg Mob Cancer Qog Pob Ntseg thiab Ntsej Muag
Cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm Is Nrias teb tau tshuaj xyuas cov txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov qauv coj los ntawm 106 lub taub hau thiab caj dab cancer Cov neeg mob tau txais los ntawm Lub Taub Hau thiab Neck oncology chav phais ntawm Dr. Bhubaneswar Borooah Cancer Institute (BBCI), Regional Cancer Center, Guwahati, Is Nrias teb txhawm rau tshawb xyuas cov kab mob HPV (hr-HPV) uas muaj kev pheej hmoo siab thiab nws txoj kev koom tes nrog kev ua neej nrog rau kev haus luam yeeb thiab haus cawv. . Cov neeg mob tau cuv npe thaum Lub Kaum Hli 2011 txog Lub Cuaj Hli 2013. (Rupesh Kumar et al, PLoS One., 2015)
Muaj feem kis mob siab HPV tau tshwm sim hauv 31.13% ntawm cov neeg mob mob taub hau thiab caj dab. Txoj kev tshawb no pom tias kev haus cawv thiab haus luam yeeb tau cuam tshuam nrog kev pheej hmoo kis mob hr-HPV ntau dua ntawm kev mob qog taub hau thiab caj dab. Lawv kuj hais ntxiv tias thaum piv rau kev kis tus mob HPV-18, HPV-16 raug pom tias muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev haus luam yeeb ntau dua.
Kev Siv Luam Yeeb Tsis Muaj Haus Luam Yeeb thiab es Mob Cancer Esophageal
Hauv kev tshawb nrhiav ua los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Kuwait University, lawv ntsuas kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev zom cov txiv ntseej, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo (muaj cov nplooj ntoo, cov txiv ntseej / txiv ntseej thiab cov txiv ntseej slaked), hnoos qhov ncauj, haus luam yeeb thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm txoj hlab pas. mob qog noj ntshav/mob qog noj ntshav hauv South Asians. Txoj kev tshawb fawb tau siv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm 91 tus neeg mob qog noj ntshav esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma thiab 364 sib piv tswj los ntawm 3 lub tsev kho mob tertiary-care hauv Karachi, Pakistan.
Lawv qhov kev tshuaj xyuas pom tias cov neeg uas tau zom cov txiv ntseej, zom cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav (muaj cov nplooj nplooj, cov txiv ntseej / cov txiv ntseej thiab cov txiv qaub slaked) nrog haus luam yeeb, xyaum hnoos qeev lossis haus luam yeeb tau cuam tshuam nrog kev pheej hmoo nce ntawm txoj hlab pas squamous-cell carcinoma / mob qog noj ntshav . Txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm txoj hlab pas nqaim-cell carcinoma / mob qog noj ntshav tau nce ntxiv hauv cov neeg haus luam yeeb thiab ntxiv rau zom cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav (muaj cov nplooj nplooj, cov txiv ntseej / txiv ntseej thiab txiv ntseej slaked) nrog haus luam yeeb, lossis hauv cov neeg haus luam yeeb luam yeeb thiab xyaum snuff dipping. (Saeed Akhtar li al, Eur J Cancer., 2012)
Kev Siv Luam Yeeb Tsis Muaj Haus Luam Yeeb thiab Pancreatic Cancer Nyias
Cov kws tshawb nrhiav los ntawm ICMR-National Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Kev Tiv Thaiv Cancer thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb, Noida thiab Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tshawb Fawb, Patna, Is Nrias teb tau kawm txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov luam yeeb uas tsis haus luam yeeb thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm ntau hom mob qog nqaij hlav. Lawv siv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm 80 kev tshawb nrhiav, uas suav nrog 121 kev pheej hmoo rau ntau yam mob qog nqaij hlav, tau los ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntaub ntawv hauv PubMed thiab Google Scholar databases raws cov kev tshawb fawb luam tawm txij xyoo 1985 txog Lub Ib Hlis 2018 txog kev haus luam yeeb thiab mob qog ntshav. (Sanjay Gupta li al, Indian J Med Res., 2018)
Txoj kev tshawb pom pom tias cov neeg haus luam yeeb haus luam yeeb tau cuam tshuam nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm qhov ncauj, mob plab thiab hlab ntsha; nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog nqaij hlav hauv qhov ncauj thiab txoj hlab pas ntau tshaj nyob hauv South-East Asian Thaj Chaw Thaj Av thiab Sab Hnub Tuaj Thaj Av Thaj Av, thiab mob qog nqaij hlav hauv thaj chaw European.
xaus
Cov kev tshawb fawb sib txawv tau pom tias cov neeg siv cov khoom lag luam tsis haus luam yeeb kuj muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm kev tsim cov qog nqaij hlav sib txawv nrog rau cov qog nqaij hlav taub hau thiab caj dab, tshwj xeeb hauv qhov ncauj. cancer, pharyngeal cancer, laryngeal cancer, esophageal cancer; thiab mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic. Qhov no muab pov thawj tias tsis hais hom twg, daim ntawv thiab kev noj haus, txhua yam khoom haus luam yeeb (txawm yog noj ib leeg lossis nrog rau cov nplooj, cov txiv ntoo / txiv ntoo thiab slaked slime) muaj teeb meem thiab tuaj yeem ua rau ntau hom qog noj ntshav thiab lwm yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv. Yog li ntawd, kev siv tag nrho cov khoom luam yeeb nrog rau cov luam yeeb tsis haus luam yeeb yuav tsum tsis txhob poob siab.
Yam zaub mov twg koj noj thiab cov khoom noj uas koj noj yog qhov kev txiav txim siab koj ua. Koj qhov kev txiav txim siab yuav tsum suav nrog kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev hloov pauv noob caj noob ces, uas mob qog noj ntshav, kev kho mob txuas ntxiv thiab tshuaj ntxiv, txhua qhov ua xua, qhia txog kev ua neej nyob, hnyav, qhov siab thiab tus cwj pwm.
Kev npaj zaub mov noj rau mob qog noj ntshav los ntawm addon tsis yog los ntawm kev tshawb fawb hauv internet. Nws siv qhov kev txiav txim siab rau koj raws li kev tshawb fawb molecular siv los ntawm peb cov kws tshawb fawb thiab software engineers. Tsis hais seb koj puas mob siab rau nkag siab cov hauv paus txheej txheem biochemical molecular lossis tsis - rau kev npaj zaub mov noj rau mob qog noj ntshav uas xav tau kev nkag siab.
Pib tam sim no nrog koj cov phiaj xwm kev noj zaub mov zoo los ntawm kev teb cov lus nug ntawm lub npe mob qog noj ntshav, kev hloov pauv caj ces, kev kho mob txuas ntxiv thiab tshuaj ntxiv, txhua yam kev ua xua, tus cwj pwm, lub neej, pab pawg hnub nyoog thiab poj niam txiv neej.
Khoom noj khoom haus tus kheej rau Cancer!
Cancer hloov nrog lub sijhawm. Kho thiab hloov kho koj cov khoom noj khoom haus raws li kev qhia mob qog noj ntshav, kev kho mob, kev ua neej, kev nyiam zaub mov, kev ua xua thiab lwm yam.
Cov neeg mob cancer feem ntau yuav tsum tau ua nrog sib txawv kev kho mob tshuaj phiv uas cuam tshuam rau lawv lub neej zoo thiab saib rau lwm cov kev kho mob qog noj ntshav. Noj cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo thiab pabcuam ntxiv raws li kev txiav txim siab science (Tsis txhob twv thiab xaiv xaiv) yog cov tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws rau mob qog noj ntshav thiab kho mob cuam tshuam nrog kev phiv.