Which Foods are Recommended for Smoldering Multiple Myeloma?

Highlights

No two cancers are the same, nor are they treated the same, and neither should nutrition be the same for everyone. Nutrition includes foods like pulses, vegetables, fruits, nuts, oils, herbs and spices. Also nutrition includes supplements which are high concentrations of foods or high concentrations of individual ingredients found in foods. For cancers like Smoldering Multiple Myeloma when undergoing chemotherapy or when you determine you have a genetic risk for developing Smoldering Multiple Myeloma because of BRCA2 and IRS2 gene mutations, a very important question is “What foods should I avoid and what foods are recommended specifically for me?”. The other related question is “What nutritional supplements should I avoid?”.

There is no one answer to this question for cancers such as Smoldering Multiple Myeloma which can be found through internet searches. The answer to the question is “It Depends” because the nutrition plan needs to be personalized for you. Nutrition should depend on the cancer indication, genetic information, adult or pediatric, staging, primary or secondary, advanced, metastatic, relapsed or refractory, ongoing treatments if any, nutritional supplements being taken, age and factors like gender, weight, height, lifestyle, allergies and food preferences.

In short – the process to answer questions like “Should I Avoid eating fruit Sapota” or “Include fruit Persimmon in my diet” or “Should I reduce consumption of vegetable Garden Cress” or “Can I take Ferulic Acid and Harmala supplements” is not as simple as internet searches. The process is very complex and answers are based on knowhow of genetics, action of treatments, active ingredients in foods and their associated biological action. Finally the answer to the nutrition question needs to be personalized for you.

RECOMMENDATION: PERSONALIZE YOUR FOODS AND SUPPLEMENTS TO SMOLDERING MULTIPLE MYELOMA, TREATMENTS, GENETIC INFORMATION, AND OTHER CONDITIONS.

The overall objective of personalized nutrition for Smoldering Multiple Myeloma is to minimize foods and nutritional supplements which have adverse interactions with cancer molecular drivers and ongoing treatments. And identify those foods and supplements which have a beneficial action. Whenever there are changes in treatments or diagnosis – it is important to remember that your foods and supplements need re-evaluation. And the answers to the nutrition question could be different based on the new context.

RECOMMENDATION: UPDATE YOUR NUTRITION FOR SMOLDERING MULTIPLE MYELOMA, WHEN TREATMENTS, DISEASE STATUS AND OTHER CONDITIONS CHANGE.

About Smoldering Multiple Myeloma

cBioPortal is one source of collection of cancer patient data from clinical trials across 350 plus cancer indications. The data from each clinical trial includes the clinical trial name and study details like number of patients, ages, gender, ethnicity, treatments, tumor site, genetic aberrations found and analysis of all the data. The cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics was originally developed at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK). The public cBioPortal site is hosted by the Center for Molecular Oncology at MSK – https://www.cbioportal.org/about.

Following key highlights are derived from clinical data for Smoldering Multiple Myeloma from cBioPortal. The top genes with mutations and other abnormalities for Smoldering Multiple Myeloma include genes BRCA2, IRS2, CDK8, RB1 and LCP1. The occurrence frequency distribution for these genes respectively is 45.0%, 45.0%, 45.0%, 45.0% and 45.0%. These tumor genetic details of Smoldering Multiple Myeloma are mapped to molecular biochemical pathway drivers of cancer thereby providing definition of characteristic features of Smoldering Multiple Myeloma.

Significance of Nutrition for Smoldering Multiple Myeloma

All foods and nutritional supplements consist of a collection of one or more active chemical ingredients in different proportions and quantities. The action of some active ingredients in a food can have adverse interactions while other active ingredients in the same food may be supportive from the context of Smoldering Multiple Myeloma. Hence the same food has good and not-so-good actions and analysis of combined effect will be needed to come up with a personalized nutrition plan.

For example Sapota includes active ingredients Lycopene, Beta-sitosterol, Linolenic Acid, Vitamin C, Gallic Acid and others. And Persimmon contains active ingredients Lycopene, Quercetin, Lupeol, Fisetin, Betulinic Acid and others. It is likely that some of these active ingredients of the same food could have opposing effects and hence it is recommended to identify recommended foods based on analysis of all high quantity ingredients contained in foods.

For cancers like Smoldering Multiple Myeloma, activation or inhibition of selected biochemical pathways like Apoptosis, Cell Cycle, PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling, Hypoxia plays an important role in driving cancer growth. Similarly different treatments work via different molecular actions which should never be canceled out by your foods and supplements. The foods and nutritional supplements contain different active ingredients each of which have a specific molecular action on different biochemical pathways. Hence, eating some foods and nutritional supplements would be recommended with a specific treatment of Smoldering Multiple Myeloma, while eating some other foods and supplements may not be recommended.

One common mistake when finding foods to eat or not – is to consider only a few active ingredients contained in foods based on internet searches and ignore the rest. Because different active ingredients contained in foods may have opposing effects on relevant biochemical pathways – it is recommended to consider all the high quantity active ingredients that are present in significant and much larger than trace amounts in the food.

RECOMMENDATION: TO FIND RECOMMENDED AND NON-RECOMMENDED FOODS FOR SMOLDERING MULTIPLE MYELOMA – CONSIDER HIGH QUANTITY ACTIVE INGREDIENTS CONTAINED IN FOODS.

Foods for Smoldering Multiple Myeloma undergoing chemotherapy treatment

In Smoldering Multiple Myeloma – the genes BRCA2, IRS2, CDK8, RB1 and LCP1 have high occurrences of genomic abnormalities. Not all of these genes necessarily are relevant for cancer – though they have been reported. Some of these genes directly or indirectly end up manipulating different cancer related biochemical biological pathways. Some of the pathways which are relevant drivers for Smoldering Multiple Myeloma are Apoptosis, Cell Cycle, Cytokine Signaling and others. Dexamethasone is one of the chemotherapies used for cancer treatment. The intent of treatment is to negate or cancel out effects of biochemical pathway drivers Apoptosis, Cell Cycle, Cytokine Signaling so as to reduce disease progression and inhibit growth. Those foods whose combined action of active ingredients support treatment action and do not enhance disease drivers are recommended foods and supplements which will be included in personalized nutrition. And similarly – those foods whose combined action of active ingredients is not supportive of treatment action but end up promoting disease drives will not be recommended in your personalized nutrition plan.

RECOMMENDATION: AVOID SUPPLEMENTS AND FOODS WHICH ARE NOT SUPPORTIVE OF CANCER TREATMENT ACTION AND RATHER ENHANCE DISEASE DRIVERS.

Eat more pulses, Scarlet Bean or Pigeon Pea?

Pulses are an important part of many diets. The active ingredients contained in Scarlet Bean are Beta-sitosterol, Linolenic Acid, Vitamin C, Stigmasterol, Oleic Acid among others. While the active ingredients contained in Pigeon Pea are Linolenic Acid, Vitamin C, Oleic Acid, Vitamin A, Linoleic Acid and others.

Beta-sitosterol can manipulate biochemical pathways Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition, NFKB Signaling and Apoptosis. Vitamin C has biological action on biochemical pathways Cell Cycle, MYC Signaling and MAPK Signaling.

Vitamin A can manipulate biochemical pathways TWEAK Signaling. Genistein has biological action on biochemical pathways Glucocorticoid Signaling. And so on.

When treating Smoldering Multiple Myeloma with chemotherapy Dexamethasone – Foods like Scarlet Bean are recommended compared to Pigeon Pea. This is because the active ingredients Vitamin A and Genistein in Pigeon Pea interferes with treatment action by canceling out the biochemical pathways through which the chemotherapy works. While the active ingredients Beta-sitosterol and Vitamin C contained in Scarlet Bean support the treatment action by enhancing the biochemical pathway effect through which the chemotherapy works.

RECOMMENDATION: SCARLET BEAN IS RECOMMENDED OVER PIGEON PEA FOR SMOLDERING MULTIPLE MYELOMA ON TREATMENT WITH CHEMOTHERAPY DEXAMETHASONE FOR SOME CONDITIONS.

Eat more vegetables, Bitter Melon or Garden Cress?

Vegetables are an important part of many diets. The active ingredients contained in Bitter Melon are Ferulic Acid, Beta-sitosterol, Cucurbitacin E, Linolenic Acid, Vitamin C among others. While the active ingredients contained in Garden Cress are Benzyl Isothiocyanate, Vitamin E, Beta-sitosterol, Isorhamnetin, Linolenic Acid and others.

Vitamin C can manipulate biochemical pathways Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition, Apoptosis and Cell Cycle. Ferulic Acid has biological action on biochemical pathways NFKB Signaling, MYC Signaling and MAPK Signaling.

Vitamin A can manipulate biochemical pathways TWEAK Signaling. Vitamin K has biological action on biochemical pathways TWEAK Signaling. And so on.

When treating Smoldering Multiple Myeloma with chemotherapy Dexamethasone – Foods like Bitter Melon are recommended compared to Garden Cress. This is because the active ingredients Vitamin A and Vitamin K in Garden Cress interferes with treatment action by canceling out the biochemical pathways through which the chemotherapy works. While the active ingredients Vitamin C and Ferulic Acid contained in Bitter Melon support the treatment action by enhancing the biochemical pathway effect through which the chemotherapy works.

RECOMMENDATION: BITTER MELON IS RECOMMENDED OVER GARDEN CRESS FOR SMOLDERING MULTIPLE MYELOMA ON TREATMENT WITH CHEMOTHERAPY DEXAMETHASONE FOR SOME CONDITIONS.

Eat more fruits, Persimmon or Sapota?

Fruits are an important part of many diets. The active ingredients contained in Persimmon are Lycopene, Quercetin, Lupeol, Fisetin, Betulinic Acid among others. While the active ingredients contained in Sapota are Lycopene, Beta-sitosterol, Linolenic Acid, Vitamin C, Gallic Acid and others.

Lycopene can manipulate biochemical pathways Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition, NFKB Signaling and Apoptosis. Vitamin C has biological action on biochemical pathways Cell Cycle, MYC Signaling and MAPK Signaling.

Vitamin A can manipulate biochemical pathways TWEAK Signaling. Aescin has biological action on biochemical pathways Cell Cycle. And so on.

When treating Smoldering Multiple Myeloma with chemotherapy Dexamethasone – Foods like Persimmon are recommended compared to Sapota. This is because the active ingredients Vitamin A and Aescin in Sapota interferes with treatment action by canceling out the biochemical pathways through which the chemotherapy works. While the active ingredients Lycopene and Vitamin C contained in Persimmon support the treatment action by enhancing the biochemical pathway effect through which the chemotherapy works.

RECOMMENDATION: PERSIMMON IS RECOMMENDED OVER SAPOTA FOR SMOLDERING MULTIPLE MYELOMA ON TREATMENT WITH CHEMOTHERAPY DEXAMETHASONE FOR SOME CONDITIONS.

Eat more nuts, Pecan Nut or Chestnut?

Nuts are an important part of many diets. The active ingredients contained in Pecan Nut are Vitamin E, Linolenic Acid, Oleic Acid, Vitamin A, Cianidanol among others. While the active ingredients contained in Chestnut are Quercetin, Ellagic Acid, Linolenic Acid, Vitamin C, Betulin and others.

Vitamin E can manipulate biochemical pathways Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition, NFKB Signaling and Apoptosis. Cianidanol has biological action on biochemical pathways MYC Signaling, Heat Stress Response and MAPK Signaling.

Ellagic Acid can manipulate biochemical pathways Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition, Heat Stress Response and Glucocorticoid Signaling. Gallic Acid has biological action on biochemical pathways TWEAK Signaling. And so on.

When treating Smoldering Multiple Myeloma with chemotherapy Dexamethasone – Foods like Pecan Nut are recommended compared to Chestnut. This is because the active ingredients Ellagic Acid and Gallic Acid in Chestnut interferes with treatment action by canceling out the biochemical pathways through which the chemotherapy works. While the active ingredients Vitamin E and Cianidanol contained in Pecan Nut support the treatment action by enhancing the biochemical pathway effect through which the chemotherapy works.

RECOMMENDATION: PECAN NUT IS RECOMMENDED OVER CHESTNUT FOR SMOLDERING MULTIPLE MYELOMA ON TREATMENT WITH CHEMOTHERAPY DEXAMETHASONE FOR SOME CONDITIONS.

Foods for Genetic Risk of Smoldering Multiple Myeloma

One of the ways to assess risk of cancer is by checking for presence of genetic abnormalities in a set of genes. There is prior information on a list of genes whose mutations and other aberrations can play a role in risk to different cancers. BRCA2 and IRS2 are two genes whose abnormalities are risk factors for Smoldering Multiple Myeloma. In such a cancer risk situation – while there are typically no treatments which a physician can prescribe – the various biochemical pathways which are potentially molecular drivers of Smoldering Multiple Myeloma can be used as a guide for coming up with a recommended personalized nutrition plan. For Smoldering Multiple Myeloma gene BRCA2 has causative impact on biological pathways like DNA Repair and DNA Repair. And IRS2 has a causative impact on biological pathways like Nutrient sensing, cGMP Signaling and Growth Factor Signaling. Foods and nutritional supplements which have molecular action to cancel out biochemical pathways effects of genes like BRCA2 and IRS2 should be included in a personalized nutrition plan. And those foods and supplements which promote the effects of genes BRCA2 and IRS2 should be avoided.

Eat more pulses, Mung Bean or Moth Bean?

The active ingredients contained in Mung Bean are Quercetin, Kaempferol, Oleic Acid, Linolenic Acid, Vitamin C among others. While the active ingredients contained in Moth Bean are Oleic Acid, Linolenic Acid, Stigmasterol, Beta-sitosterol, Linoleic Acid and others.

Quercetin can manipulate biochemical pathways JAK-STAT Signaling, MYC Signaling and P53 Signaling. Kaempferol has biological action on biochemical pathways Cell Cycle Checkpoints, MAPK Signaling and PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling.

Vitamin A can manipulate biochemical pathways PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling. Folic Acid has biological action on biochemical pathways JAK-STAT Signaling, MYC Signaling and P53 Signaling. And so on.

For genetic risk of Smoldering Multiple Myeloma due to abnormalities in genes BRCA2 and IRS2 – Foods like Mung Bean are recommended compared to Moth Bean. This is because the active ingredients Vitamin A and Folic Acid in Moth Bean further promote the effects of genes on the biochemical pathways. While the active ingredients Quercetin and Kaempferol contained in Mung Bean together have a canceling effect of genes on the biochemical pathways.

RECOMMENDATION: MUNG BEAN IS RECOMMENDED OVER MOTH BEAN FOR REDUCING THE GENETIC RISK OF SMOLDERING MULTIPLE MYELOMA DUE TO GENES BRCA2 AND IRS2

Eat more vegetables, Cassava or Chicory?

The active ingredients contained in Cassava are Oleic Acid, Linolenic Acid, Vitamin C, Beta-sitosterol, Linoleic Acid among others. While the active ingredients contained in Chicory are Apigenin, Quercetin, Kaempferol, Esculin, Protocatechuic Acid and others.

Vitamin C can manipulate biochemical pathways MYC Signaling, P53 Signaling and Cell Cycle Checkpoints. Beta-sitosterol has biological action on biochemical pathways PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling, MYC Signaling and P53 Signaling.

Caffeic Acid can manipulate biochemical pathways PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling. Vitamin A has biological action on biochemical pathways PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling. And so on.

For genetic risk of Smoldering Multiple Myeloma due to abnormalities in genes BRCA2 and IRS2 – Foods like Cassava are recommended compared to Chicory. This is because the active ingredients Caffeic Acid and Vitamin A in Chicory further promote the effects of genes on the biochemical pathways. While the active ingredients Vitamin C and Beta-sitosterol contained in Cassava together have a canceling effect of genes on the biochemical pathways.

RECOMMENDATION: CASSAVA IS RECOMMENDED OVER CHICORY FOR REDUCING THE GENETIC RISK OF SMOLDERING MULTIPLE MYELOMA DUE TO GENES BRCA2 AND IRS2

Eat more fruits, Feijoa or Kumquat?

The active ingredients contained in Feijoa are Lycopene, Vitamin C, Casuarinin, Folic Acid among others. While the active ingredients contained in Kumquat are Apigenin, Oleic Acid, Linolenic Acid, Vitamin C, Naringenin and others.

Vitamin C can manipulate biochemical pathways MYC Signaling, P53 Signaling and Cell Cycle Checkpoints. Lycopene has biological action on biochemical pathways JAK-STAT Signaling, MAPK Signaling and PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling.

Vitamin A can manipulate biochemical pathways PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling. Folic Acid has biological action on biochemical pathways JAK-STAT Signaling, MYC Signaling and P53 Signaling. And so on.

For genetic risk of Smoldering Multiple Myeloma due to abnormalities in genes BRCA2 and IRS2 – Foods like Feijoa are recommended compared to Kumquat. This is because the active ingredients Vitamin A and Folic Acid in Kumquat further promote the effects of genes on the biochemical pathways. While the active ingredients Vitamin C and Lycopene contained in Feijoa together have a canceling effect of genes on the biochemical pathways.

RECOMMENDATION: FEIJOA IS RECOMMENDED OVER KUMQUAT FOR REDUCING THE GENETIC RISK OF SMOLDERING MULTIPLE MYELOMA DUE TO GENES BRCA2 AND IRS2

Eat more nuts, Pine Nut or Peanut?

The active ingredients contained in Pine Nut are Vitamin E, Oleic Acid, Linolenic Acid, Beta-sitosterol, Linoleic Acid among others. While the active ingredients contained in Peanut are Quercetin, Vitamin E, Oleic Acid, Linolenic Acid, Vitamin C and others.

Beta-sitosterol can manipulate biochemical pathways MYC Signaling, P53 Signaling and Cell Cycle Checkpoints. Vitamin E has biological action on biochemical pathways MAPK Signaling, PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling and Hypoxia.

Vitamin A can manipulate biochemical pathways PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling. Lecithin has biological action on biochemical pathways MYC Signaling, JAK-STAT Signaling and MAPK Signaling. And so on.

For genetic risk of Smoldering Multiple Myeloma due to abnormalities in genes BRCA2 and IRS2 – Foods like Pine Nut are recommended compared to Peanut. This is because the active ingredients Vitamin A and Lecithin in Peanut further promote the effects of genes on the biochemical pathways. While the active ingredients Beta-sitosterol and Vitamin E contained in Pine Nut together have a canceling effect of genes on the biochemical pathways.

RECOMMENDATION: PINE NUT IS RECOMMENDED OVER PEANUT FOR REDUCING THE GENETIC RISK OF SMOLDERING MULTIPLE MYELOMA DUE TO GENES BRCA2 AND IRS2

In Summary

An important thing to remember is that cancer treatments may not be the same for everyone – and neither should your nutrition be. Nutrition which includes food and nutritional supplements is a very effective tool controlled by you.

“What should I eat?” is the most frequently asked question in the context of cancer. The answer calculation is complex and depends upon cancer type, underlying genomics, current treatments, any allergies, lifestyle information, and factors like BMI.

The addon personalized nutrition plan recommends foods and supplements which minimizes adverse nutrition interactions and encourages support to treatments.

You can get started NOW and design a personalized nutrition plan for Smoldering Multiple Myeloma by answering questions on type of cancer, current treatments, supplements, allergies, age group, gender, and lifestyle information.

What food you eat and which supplements you take is a decision you make. Your decision should include consideration of the cancer gene mutations, which cancer, ongoing treatments and supplements, any allergies, lifestyle information, weight, height and habits.

The nutrition planning for cancer from addon is not based on internet searches. It automates the decision making for you based on molecular science implemented by our scientists and software engineers. Irrespective of whether you care to understand the underlying biochemical molecular pathways or not - for nutrition planning for cancer that understanding is needed.

Get started NOW with your nutrition planning by answering questions on the name of cancer, genetic mutations, ongoing treatments and supplements, any allergies, habits, lifestyle, age group and gender.

References

• β-Sitosterol targets Trx/Trx1 reductase to induce apoptosis in A549 cells via ROS mediated mitochondrial dysregulation and p53 activation.
• Vitamin C enhances epigenetic modifications induced by 5-azacytidine and cell cycle arrest in the hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines HLE and Huh7.
• Genistein down-regulates androgen receptor by modulating HDAC6-Hsp90 chaperone function.
• Lycopene metabolite, apo-10′-lycopenoic acid, inhibits diethylnitrosamine-initiated, high fat diet-promoted hepatic inflammation and tumorigenesis in mice.
• Ferulic acid exerts antitumor activity and inhibits metastasis in breast cancer cells by regulating epithelial to mesenchymal transition.
• Research progress on the anticancer effects of vitamin K2.
• Gamma- and delta-tocotrienols exert a more potent anticancer effect than alpha-tocopheryl succinate on breast cancer cell lines irrespective of HER-2/neu expression.
• Cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction in human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells by (+)-cyanidan-3-ol.
• Identification of ellagic acid as potent inhibitor of protein kinase CK2: a successful example of a virtual screening application.
• Crystal structure of a human cyclin-dependent kinase 6 complex with a flavonol inhibitor, fisetin.
• Vitamin A regulates Akt signaling through the phospholipid fatty acid composition.
• Effects of folate deficiency on gene expression in the apoptosis and cancer pathways in colon cancer cells.
• Caffeic acid phenethyl ester suppresses androgen receptor signaling and stability via inhibition of phosphorylation on Ser81 and Ser213.
• Role of the lipid-regulated NF-κB/IL-6/STAT3 axis in alpha-naphthyl isothiocyanate-induced liver injury.
• Promise of bitter melon (Momordica charantia) bioactives in cancer prevention and therapy.
• HyperFoods: Machine intelligent mapping of cancer-beating molecules in foods.