Which Foods are Recommended for Rhabdomyosarcoma?

Highlights

No two cancers are the same, nor are they treated the same, and neither should nutrition be the same for everyone. Nutrition includes foods like pulses, vegetables, fruits, nuts, oils, herbs and spices. Also nutrition includes supplements which are high concentrations of foods or high concentrations of individual ingredients found in foods. For cancers like Rhabdomyosarcoma when undergoing chemotherapy or when you determine you have a genetic risk for developing Rhabdomyosarcoma because of FBXW7 and PDGFRA gene mutations, a very important question is “What foods should I avoid and what foods are recommended specifically for me?”. The other related question is “What nutritional supplements should I avoid?”.

There is no one answer to this question for cancers such as Rhabdomyosarcoma which can be found through internet searches. The answer to the question is “It Depends” because the nutrition plan needs to be personalized for you. Nutrition should depend on the cancer indication, genetic information, adult or pediatric, staging, primary or secondary, advanced, metastatic, relapsed or refractory, ongoing treatments if any, nutritional supplements being taken, age and factors like gender, weight, height, lifestyle, allergies and food preferences.

In short – the process to answer questions like “Should I Avoid eating fruit Apricot” or “Include fruit Pomegranate in my diet” or “Should I reduce consumption of vegetable Jute” or “Can I take Naringin and Theaflavin supplements” is not as simple as internet searches. The process is very complex and answers are based on knowhow of genetics, action of treatments, active ingredients in foods and their associated biological action. Finally the answer to the nutrition question needs to be personalized for you.

RECOMMENDATION: PERSONALIZE YOUR FOODS AND SUPPLEMENTS TO RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, TREATMENTS, GENETIC INFORMATION, AND OTHER CONDITIONS.

The overall objective of personalized nutrition for Rhabdomyosarcoma is to minimize foods and nutritional supplements which have adverse interactions with cancer molecular drivers and ongoing treatments. And identify those foods and supplements which have a beneficial action. Whenever there are changes in treatments or diagnosis – it is important to remember that your foods and supplements need re-evaluation. And the answers to the nutrition question could be different based on the new context.

RECOMMENDATION: UPDATE YOUR NUTRITION FOR RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, WHEN TREATMENTS, DISEASE STATUS AND OTHER CONDITIONS CHANGE.

About Rhabdomyosarcoma

cBioPortal is one source of collection of cancer patient data from clinical trials across 350 plus cancer indications. The data from each clinical trial includes the clinical trial name and study details like number of patients, ages, gender, ethnicity, treatments, tumor site, genetic aberrations found and analysis of all the data. The cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics was originally developed at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK). The public cBioPortal site is hosted by the Center for Molecular Oncology at MSK – https://www.cbioportal.org/about.

Following key highlights are derived from clinical data for Rhabdomyosarcoma from cBioPortal. The patients enrolled in the studies for Rhabdomyosarcoma are in ages between 2 to 17 with an average age of 7. 62.9% of males and 37.1% of females were the distribution of gender in these clinical studies. From a patient sample size of 116; the top genes with mutations and other abnormalities for Rhabdomyosarcoma include genes NRAS, TP53, FBXW7, NF1 and PDGFRA. The occurrence frequency distribution for these genes respectively is 6.8%, 6.8%, 4.1%, 4.1% and 2.7%. These tumor genetic details of Rhabdomyosarcoma are mapped to molecular biochemical pathway drivers of cancer thereby providing definition of characteristic features of Rhabdomyosarcoma.

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant soft tissue sarcoma of muscle tissue. It is the most common childhood and adolescent soft tissue sarcoma (3% of childhood tumors) with slight male predominance (M:F ratio: 1.3:1). Rhabdomyosarcoma accounts for 1% of adulthood tumors and it is mainly pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma subtype. Rhabdomyosarcoma can occur anywhere in the body, but usually the head and neck, arms and legs, urinary and reproductive organs are the common sites of occurrence. Common rhabdomyosarcoma metastatic sites include lung, bone marrow, and lymph nodes. The presenting signs and symptoms of rhabdomyosarcoma are variable and depend on multiple factors including the site of origin, the patients’ age, and the presence or absence of distant metastases. It usually presents as an enlarging mass, either painless or painful, in different regions of the body. Rhabdomyosarcoma of the bladder may present with hematuria and urinary obstruction in adults. Treatment modalities for rhabdomyosarcoma include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. The last decade has shown great improvement in patient outcomes as a result of multimodality therapeutic protocols with combination chemotherapy regimens. Adults with rhabdomyosarcoma have a poorer 5-year survival when compared with children (27% vs. 61%). Optimal nutrition (foods and natural supplements) aligned to the disease and treatment can further enhance well-being of the patients. (Ref: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507721/; https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/6226-rhabdomyosarcoma)

Significance of Nutrition for Rhabdomyosarcoma

All foods and nutritional supplements consist of a collection of one or more active chemical ingredients in different proportions and quantities. The action of some active ingredients in a food can have adverse interactions while other active ingredients in the same food may be supportive from the context of Rhabdomyosarcoma. Hence the same food has good and not-so-good actions and analysis of combined effect will be needed to come up with a personalized nutrition plan.

For example Apricot includes active ingredients Quercetin, Modified Citrus Pectin, Beta-sitosterol, Salicylic Acid, Linolenic Acid and others. And Pomegranate contains active ingredients Ellagic Acid, Apigenin, Beta-sitosterol, Betulinic Acid, Corilagin and others. It is likely that some of these active ingredients of the same food could have opposing effects and hence it is recommended to identify recommended foods based on analysis of all high quantity ingredients contained in foods.

For cancers like Rhabdomyosarcoma, activation or inhibition of selected biochemical pathways like RAS-RAF Signaling, PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling, MAPK Signaling, Cell Cycle plays an important role in driving cancer growth. Similarly different treatments work via different molecular actions which should never be canceled out by your foods and supplements. The foods and nutritional supplements contain different active ingredients each of which have a specific molecular action on different biochemical pathways. Hence, eating some foods and nutritional supplements would be recommended with a specific treatment of Rhabdomyosarcoma, while eating some other foods and supplements may not be recommended.

One common mistake when finding foods to eat or not – is to consider only a few active ingredients contained in foods based on internet searches and ignore the rest. Because different active ingredients contained in foods may have opposing effects on relevant biochemical pathways – it is recommended to consider all the high quantity active ingredients that are present in significant and much larger than trace amounts in the food.

RECOMMENDATION: TO FIND RECOMMENDED AND NON-RECOMMENDED FOODS FOR RHABDOMYOSARCOMA – CONSIDER HIGH QUANTITY ACTIVE INGREDIENTS CONTAINED IN FOODS.

Foods for Rhabdomyosarcoma undergoing chemotherapy treatment

In Rhabdomyosarcoma – the genes NRAS, TP53, FBXW7, NF1 and PDGFRA have high occurrences of genomic abnormalities. Not all of these genes necessarily are relevant for cancer – though they have been reported. Some of these genes directly or indirectly end up manipulating different cancer related biochemical biological pathways. Some of the pathways which are relevant drivers for Rhabdomyosarcoma are RAS-RAF Signaling, PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling, Growth Factor Signaling and others. Everolimus is one of the chemotherapies used for cancer treatment. The intent of treatment is to negate or cancel out effects of biochemical pathway drivers RAS-RAF Signaling, PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling, Growth Factor Signaling so as to reduce disease progression and inhibit growth. Those foods whose combined action of active ingredients support treatment action and do not enhance disease drivers are recommended foods and supplements which will be included in personalized nutrition. And similarly – those foods whose combined action of active ingredients is not supportive of treatment action but end up promoting disease drives will not be recommended in your personalized nutrition plan.

RECOMMENDATION: AVOID SUPPLEMENTS AND FOODS WHICH ARE NOT SUPPORTIVE OF CANCER TREATMENT ACTION AND RATHER ENHANCE DISEASE DRIVERS.

Eat more pulses, Scarlet Bean or Fava Bean?

Pulses are an important part of many diets. The active ingredients contained in Scarlet Bean are Beta-sitosterol, Genistein, Linolenic Acid, Vitamin C, Stigmasterol among others. While the active ingredients contained in Fava Bean are Quercetin, Daidzein, Kaempferol, Caffeic Acid, Beta-sitosterol and others.

Beta-sitosterol can manipulate biochemical pathways Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition, Adherens junction and Microtubule Dynamics. Genistein has biological action on biochemical pathways Oxidative Stress, Growth Factor Signaling and Cell Cycle.

Quercetin can manipulate biochemical pathways RAS-RAF Signaling. Daidzein has biological action on biochemical pathways Oxidative Stress. And so on.

When treating Rhabdomyosarcoma with chemotherapy Everolimus – Foods like Scarlet Bean are recommended compared to Fava Bean. This is because the active ingredients Quercetin and Daidzein in Fava Bean interferes with treatment action by canceling out the biochemical pathways through which the chemotherapy works. While the active ingredients Beta-sitosterol and Genistein contained in Scarlet Bean support the treatment action by enhancing the biochemical pathway effect through which the chemotherapy works.

RECOMMENDATION: SCARLET BEAN IS RECOMMENDED OVER FAVA BEAN FOR RHABDOMYOSARCOMA ON TREATMENT WITH CHEMOTHERAPY EVEROLIMUS FOR SOME CONDITIONS.

Eat more vegetables, Lettuce or Jute?

Vegetables are an important part of many diets. The active ingredients contained in Lettuce are Quercetin, Caffeic Acid, Beta-sitosterol, Linolenic Acid, Chlorogenic Acid among others. While the active ingredients contained in Jute are Quercetin, Kaempferol, Linolenic Acid, Vitamin C, Oleic Acid and others.

Vitamin A can manipulate biochemical pathways Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition, Adherens junction and Cell Cycle. Vitamin K has biological action on biochemical pathways MYC Signaling, PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling and Cell Cycle.

Vitamin C can manipulate biochemical pathways Oxidative Stress and RAS-RAF Signaling. Quercetin has biological action on biochemical pathways RAS-RAF Signaling. And so on.

When treating Rhabdomyosarcoma with chemotherapy Everolimus – Foods like Lettuce are recommended compared to Jute. This is because the active ingredients Vitamin C and Quercetin in Jute interferes with treatment action by canceling out the biochemical pathways through which the chemotherapy works. While the active ingredients Vitamin A and Vitamin K contained in Lettuce support the treatment action by enhancing the biochemical pathway effect through which the chemotherapy works.

RECOMMENDATION: LETTUCE IS RECOMMENDED OVER JUTE FOR RHABDOMYOSARCOMA ON TREATMENT WITH CHEMOTHERAPY EVEROLIMUS FOR SOME CONDITIONS.

Eat more fruits, Pomegranate or Apricot?

Fruits are an important part of many diets. The active ingredients contained in Pomegranate are Ellagic Acid, Apigenin, Beta-sitosterol, Betulinic Acid, Corilagin among others. While the active ingredients contained in Apricot are Quercetin, Modified Citrus Pectin, Beta-sitosterol, Salicylic Acid, Linolenic Acid and others.

Betulinic Acid can manipulate biochemical pathways Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition, Adherens junction and JAK-STAT Signaling. Ursolic Acid has biological action on biochemical pathways Microtubule Dynamics, Growth Factor Signaling and Cell Cycle.

Rutin can manipulate biochemical pathways WNT Beta Catenin Signaling, Oncogenic Cancer Epigenetics and Microtubule Dynamics. Glucaric Acid has biological action on biochemical pathways RAS-RAF Signaling. And so on.

When treating Rhabdomyosarcoma with chemotherapy Everolimus – Foods like Pomegranate are recommended compared to Apricot. This is because the active ingredients Rutin and Glucaric Acid in Apricot interferes with treatment action by canceling out the biochemical pathways through which the chemotherapy works. While the active ingredients Betulinic Acid and Ursolic Acid contained in Pomegranate support the treatment action by enhancing the biochemical pathway effect through which the chemotherapy works.

RECOMMENDATION: POMEGRANATE IS RECOMMENDED OVER APRICOT FOR RHABDOMYOSARCOMA ON TREATMENT WITH CHEMOTHERAPY EVEROLIMUS FOR SOME CONDITIONS.

Eat more nuts, Pine Nut or Acorn?

Nuts are an important part of many diets. The active ingredients contained in Pine Nut are Vitamin E, Beta-sitosterol, Linolenic Acid, Oleic Acid, Vitamin A among others. While the active ingredients contained in Acorn are Quercetin, Beta-sitosterol, Gallic Acid, Vitamin C, Beta-carotene and others.

Beta-sitosterol can manipulate biochemical pathways Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition, Adherens junction and Microtubule Dynamics. Vitamin K has biological action on biochemical pathways MYC Signaling, Cell Cycle and PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling.

Quercetin can manipulate biochemical pathways RAS-RAF Signaling. Vitamin C has biological action on biochemical pathways Oxidative Stress and RAS-RAF Signaling. And so on.

When treating Rhabdomyosarcoma with chemotherapy Everolimus – Foods like Pine Nut are recommended compared to Acorn. This is because the active ingredients Quercetin and Vitamin C in Acorn interferes with treatment action by canceling out the biochemical pathways through which the chemotherapy works. While the active ingredients Beta-sitosterol and Vitamin K contained in Pine Nut support the treatment action by enhancing the biochemical pathway effect through which the chemotherapy works.

RECOMMENDATION: PINE NUT IS RECOMMENDED OVER ACORN FOR RHABDOMYOSARCOMA ON TREATMENT WITH CHEMOTHERAPY EVEROLIMUS FOR SOME CONDITIONS.

Foods for Genetic Risk of Rhabdomyosarcoma

One of the ways to assess risk of cancer is by checking for presence of genetic abnormalities in a set of genes. There is prior information on a list of genes whose mutations and other aberrations can play a role in risk to different cancers. FBXW7 and PDGFRA are two genes whose abnormalities are risk factors for Rhabdomyosarcoma. In such a cancer risk situation – while there are typically no treatments which a physician can prescribe – the various biochemical pathways which are potentially molecular drivers of Rhabdomyosarcoma can be used as a guide for coming up with a recommended personalized nutrition plan. For Rhabdomyosarcoma gene FBXW7 has causative impact on biological pathways like Antigen Presentation and Post Translation Modification. And PDGFRA has a causative impact on biological pathways like Growth Factor Signaling, PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling and RAS-RAF Signaling. Foods and nutritional supplements which have molecular action to cancel out biochemical pathways effects of genes like FBXW7 and PDGFRA should be included in a personalized nutrition plan. And those foods and supplements which promote the effects of genes FBXW7 and PDGFRA should be avoided.

Eat more pulses, Common Pea or Soy Bean?

The active ingredients contained in Common Pea are Lupeol, Daidzein, Beta-sitosterol, Oleic Acid, Vitamin C among others. While the active ingredients contained in Soy Bean are Lupeol, Daidzein, Vitamin E, Beta-sitosterol, Quercetin and others.

Beta-sitosterol can manipulate biochemical pathways Apoptosis, Cell Cycle and MYC Signaling. Lupeol has biological action on biochemical pathways P53 Signaling, Cell Cycle Checkpoints and PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling.

Aescin can manipulate biochemical pathways Cell Cycle Checkpoints. Lecithin has biological action on biochemical pathways MYC Signaling and PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling. And so on.

For genetic risk of Rhabdomyosarcoma due to abnormalities in genes FBXW7 and PDGFRA – Foods like Common Pea are recommended compared to Soy Bean. This is because the active ingredients Aescin and Lecithin in Soy Bean further promote the effects of genes on the biochemical pathways. While the active ingredients Beta-sitosterol and Lupeol contained in Common Pea together have a canceling effect of genes on the biochemical pathways.

RECOMMENDATION: COMMON PEA IS RECOMMENDED OVER SOY BEAN FOR REDUCING THE GENETIC RISK OF RHABDOMYOSARCOMA DUE TO GENES FBXW7 AND PDGFRA

Eat more vegetables, Arugula or Heart Of Palm?

The active ingredients contained in Arugula are Esculin, Vitamin A, Kaempferol, Vitamin K, Erysolin among others. While the active ingredients contained in Heart Of Palm are Vitamin C, Palmitic Acid, Vitamin A, Folic Acid and others.

Vitamin A can manipulate biochemical pathways Apoptosis, Cell Cycle and MYC Signaling. Kaempferol has biological action on biochemical pathways RAS-RAF Signaling, Cell Cycle Checkpoints and PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling.

Palmitic Acid can manipulate biochemical pathways PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling. Folic Acid has biological action on biochemical pathways Apoptosis, MYC Signaling and P53 Signaling. And so on.

For genetic risk of Rhabdomyosarcoma due to abnormalities in genes FBXW7 and PDGFRA – Foods like Arugula are recommended compared to Heart Of Palm. This is because the active ingredients Palmitic Acid and Folic Acid in Heart Of Palm further promote the effects of genes on the biochemical pathways. While the active ingredients Vitamin A and Kaempferol contained in Arugula together have a canceling effect of genes on the biochemical pathways.

RECOMMENDATION: ARUGULA IS RECOMMENDED OVER HEART OF PALM FOR REDUCING THE GENETIC RISK OF RHABDOMYOSARCOMA DUE TO GENES FBXW7 AND PDGFRA

Eat more fruits, Orange or Grape?

The active ingredients contained in Orange are D-limonene, Linalool, Modified Citrus Pectin, Oleic Acid, Vitamin C among others. While the active ingredients contained in Grape are Lupeol, Vitamin E, Beta-sitosterol, Resveratrol, Pterostilbene and others.

D-limonene can manipulate biochemical pathways Apoptosis, Growth Factor Signaling and Cell Cycle. Naringenin has biological action on biochemical pathways MYC Signaling, Cell Cycle Checkpoints and PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling.

Resveratrol can manipulate biochemical pathways P53 Signaling. Pelargonidin has biological action on biochemical pathways MYC Signaling, Cell Cycle Checkpoints and PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling. And so on.

For genetic risk of Rhabdomyosarcoma due to abnormalities in genes FBXW7 and PDGFRA – Foods like Orange are recommended compared to Grape. This is because the active ingredients Resveratrol and Pelargonidin in Grape further promote the effects of genes on the biochemical pathways. While the active ingredients D-limonene and Naringenin contained in Orange together have a canceling effect of genes on the biochemical pathways.

RECOMMENDATION: ORANGE IS RECOMMENDED OVER GRAPE FOR REDUCING THE GENETIC RISK OF RHABDOMYOSARCOMA DUE TO GENES FBXW7 AND PDGFRA

Eat more nuts, Pecan Nut or Peanut?

The active ingredients contained in Pecan Nut are Vitamin E, Oleic Acid, Cianidanol, Linolenic Acid, Linoleic Acid among others. While the active ingredients contained in Peanut are Vitamin E, Beta-sitosterol, Quercetin, Ferulic Acid, Oleic Acid and others.

Vitamin E can manipulate biochemical pathways Apoptosis, Cell Cycle and MYC Signaling. Cianidanol has biological action on biochemical pathways P53 Signaling, Cell Cycle Checkpoints and PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling.

Lecithin can manipulate biochemical pathways MYC Signaling and PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling. Vitamin B3 has biological action on biochemical pathways PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling. And so on.

For genetic risk of Rhabdomyosarcoma due to abnormalities in genes FBXW7 and PDGFRA – Foods like Pecan Nut are recommended compared to Peanut. This is because the active ingredients Lecithin and Vitamin B3 in Peanut further promote the effects of genes on the biochemical pathways. While the active ingredients Vitamin E and Cianidanol contained in Pecan Nut together have a canceling effect of genes on the biochemical pathways.

RECOMMENDATION: PECAN NUT IS RECOMMENDED OVER PEANUT FOR REDUCING THE GENETIC RISK OF RHABDOMYOSARCOMA DUE TO GENES FBXW7 AND PDGFRA

In Summary

An important thing to remember is that cancer treatments may not be the same for everyone – and neither should your nutrition be. Nutrition which includes food and nutritional supplements is a very effective tool controlled by you.

“What should I eat?” is the most frequently asked question in the context of cancer. The answer calculation is complex and depends upon cancer type, underlying genomics, current treatments, any allergies, lifestyle information, and factors like BMI.

The addon personalized nutrition plan recommends foods and supplements which minimizes adverse nutrition interactions and encourages support to treatments.

You can get started NOW and design a personalized nutrition plan for Rhabdomyosarcoma by answering questions on type of cancer, current treatments, supplements, allergies, age group, gender, and lifestyle information.

What food you eat and which supplements you take is a decision you make. Your decision should include consideration of the cancer gene mutations, which cancer, ongoing treatments and supplements, any allergies, lifestyle information, weight, height and habits.

The nutrition planning for cancer from addon is not based on internet searches. It automates the decision making for you based on molecular science implemented by our scientists and software engineers. Irrespective of whether you care to understand the underlying biochemical molecular pathways or not - for nutrition planning for cancer that understanding is needed.

Get started NOW with your nutrition planning by answering questions on the name of cancer, genetic mutations, ongoing treatments and supplements, any allergies, habits, lifestyle, age group and gender.

References

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