Foods for Prostate Adenocarcinoma!

Introduction

Foods for Prostate Adenocarcinoma should be personalized for each individual and also must adapt when cancer treatment or tumor genetic change. The personalization and adaptation must consider all the active ingredients or bioactives contained in different foods with respect to cancer tissue biology, genetics, treatments, lifestyle conditions and diet preferences. Hence while nutrition is one of the very important decisions for a cancer patient and individual at risk of cancer to make – how to choose foods to eat is not an easy task.

Prostate adenocarcinoma is a type of cancer that develops in the prostate gland, a part of the reproductive system in men. Prostate is a small gland located below the bladder and it secretes fluid that mixes with the semen to keep the sperm healthy for conception and pregnancy. The Gleason score is used to determine the aggressiveness of the cancer based on how abnormal the cells are, with higher scores indicating a more advanced stage. Symptoms of prostate adenocarcinoma include frequent need to urinate, week urine flow, pain or burning during urinating, loss of bladder control, loss of bowel control, blood in semen and pain in lower back, hip or chest. Age, family history, genetics, smoking, obesity, and exposure to certain chemicals could also be risk factors for prostate adenocarcinoma. Treatment for prostate adenocarcinoma may include active surveillance, surgery, radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapies or immunotherapy, tailored to individual cases. Prognosis for prostate adenocarcinoma depends on various factors, including the Gleason score and overall health of the patient. Prognosis is good if diagnosed early and the cancer has not spread outside of the prostate, but survival rates drop when the cancer has metastasized to other parts of the body.

For Prostate Adenocarcinoma does it matter what vegetables, fruits, nuts, seeds one eats?

A very common nutrition question asked by cancer patients and individuals at-genetic risk of cancer is – for cancers like Prostate Adenocarcinoma does it matter what foods I eat and which I do not? Or if I follow a plant-based diet is that enough for cancer like Prostate Adenocarcinoma?

For example does it matter if vegetable Wild Carrot is consumed more compared to Agave? Does it make any difference if fruit Grapefruit is preferred over Java Plum? Also if similar choices are made for nuts/seeds like Butternut over Hickory Nut and for pulses like Adzuki Bean over Lima Bean. And if what I eat matters – then how does one identify foods which are recommended for Prostate Adenocarcinoma and is it the same answer for everyone with the same diagnosis or genetic risk?

Yes! Foods you eat matters for Prostate Adenocarcinoma!

Food recommendations may not be the same for everyone and can be different even for the same diagnosis and genetic risk.

All foods (vegetables, fruits, nuts, seeds, pulses, oils etc.) and nutritional supplements are made up of more than one active molecular ingredient or bio-actives in different proportions and quantities. Each active ingredient has a unique mechanism of action – which can be activation or inhibition of different biochemical pathways. Simply stated foods and supplements which are recommended are those which do not cause an increase of molecular drivers of cancer but reduce them. Else those foods should not be recommended. Foods contain multiple active ingredients – hence when evaluating foods and supplements you need to consider the impact of all active ingredients cumulatively rather than individually.

For example Grapefruit contains active ingredients Curcumin, Lupeol, Lycopene, Naringin, Formononetin. And Java Plum contains active ingredients Curcumin, Lupeol, Apigenin, Lycopene, Betulinic Acid and possibly others.

A common mistake made when deciding and choosing foods to eat for Prostate Adenocarcinoma – is to evaluate only selected active ingredients contained in foods and ignore the rest. Because different active ingredients contained in foods may have opposing effects on cancer drivers – you cannot cherry pick active ingredients in foods and supplements for making a nutrition decision for Prostate Adenocarcinoma.

YES – FOOD CHOICES MATTER FOR CANCER. NUTRITION DECISIONS MUST CONSIDER ALL ACTIVE INGREDIENTS OF FOODS.

Skills Needed for Nutrition Personalization for Prostate Adenocarcinoma?

Personalized nutrition for cancers like Prostate Adenocarcinoma consists of recommended foods / supplements; not recommended foods / supplements with example recipes which prioritize use of recommended foods. An example of personalized nutrition can be seen at this link.

Deciding which foods are recommended or not is extremely complicated, requiring expertise in Prostate Adenocarcinoma biology, food science, genetics, biochemistry along with good understanding of how cancer treatments work and associated vulnerabilities by which the treatments could stop being effective.

MINIMUM KNOWLEDGE EXPERTISE NEEDED FOR NUTRITION PERSONALIZATION FOR CANCER ARE: CANCER BIOLOGY, FOOD SCIENCE, CANCER TREATMENTS AND GENETICS.

Characteristics of cancers like Prostate Adenocarcinoma

All cancers like Prostate Adenocarcinoma can be characterized by a unique set of biochemical pathways – the signature pathways of Prostate Adenocarcinoma. Biochemical pathways like DNA Repair, Oncogenic Histone Methylation, Oncogenic Cancer Epigenetics, PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling are part of the signature definition of Prostate Adenocarcinoma. Each individual’s cancer genetics can be different and hence their specific cancer signature could be unique.

The treatments which are effective for Prostate Adenocarcinoma need to be cognizant of the associated signature biochemical pathways for each cancer patient and individual at genetic risk. Therefore different treatments with different mechanisms of actions are effective for different patients. Similarly and for the same reasons foods and supplements need to be personalized for each individual. Hence some foods and supplements are recommended for Prostate Adenocarcinoma when taking cancer treatment Enzalutamide, and some foods and supplements are not recommended.

Sources like cBioPortal and many others provide population representative patient anonymized data from clinical trials for all cancer indications. This data consists of clinical trial study details like sample size / number of patients, age groups, gender, ethnicity, treatments, tumor site and any genetic mutations.

DNMT3A, TET2, SPOP, PTEN and KMT2C are the top ranked reported genes for Prostate Adenocarcinoma. DNMT3A is reported in 3.0 % of the representative patients across all clinical trials. And TET2 is reported in 1.2 %. The combined population patient data cover ages from 32 to 95. 97.3 % of the patient data are identified as men. The Prostate Adenocarcinoma biology along with reported genetics together define the population represented signature biochemical pathways for this cancer. If the individual cancer tumor genetics or genes contributing to the risk are also known then that should also be used for nutrition personalization.

NUTRITION CHOICES SHOULD MATCH WITH EACH INDIVIDUAL’S CANCER SIGNATURE.

Food and Supplements for Prostate Adenocarcinoma

For Cancer Patients

Cancer patients on treatment or on palliative care need to make decisions on food and supplements – for the needed dietary calories, for managing any treatment side effects and also for improved cancer management. All plant-based foods are not equal and choosing and prioritizing foods which are personalized and customized to ongoing cancer treatment is important and complicated. Here are some examples providing guidelines for making nutrition decisions.

Choose Vegetable WILD CARROT or AGAVE?

Vegetable Wild Carrot contains many active ingredients or bioactives such as Vitamin D3, Quercetin, Curcumin, Lupeol, Apigenin. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like Cell Cycle, Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition, PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling and NFKB Signaling and others. Wild Carrot is recommended for Prostate Adenocarcinoma when ongoing cancer treatment is Enzalutamide. This is because Wild Carrot modifies those biochemical pathways which have been scientifically reported to sensitize the effect of Enzalutamide.

Some of the active ingredients or bioactives in vegetable Agave are Curcumin, Lupeol, Apigenin, Formononetin, Eugenol. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition and Oncogenic Cancer Epigenetics and others. Agave is not recommended for Prostate Adenocarcinoma when ongoing cancer treatment is Enzalutamide because it modifies those biochemical pathways which make the cancer treatment resistant or less responsive.

VEGETABLE WILD CARROT IS RECOMMENDED OVER AGAVE FOR Prostate Adenocarcinoma AND TREATMENT Enzalutamide.

Choose Fruit JAVA PLUM or GRAPEFRUIT?

Fruit Java Plum contains many active ingredients or bioactives such as Curcumin, Lupeol, Apigenin, Lycopene, Betulinic Acid. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like Cell Cycle, Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition, Histone/Protein Acetylation and DNA Repair and others. Java Plum is recommended for Prostate Adenocarcinoma when ongoing cancer treatment is Enzalutamide. This is because Java Plum modifies those biochemical pathways which have been scientifically reported to sensitize the effect of Enzalutamide.

Some of the active ingredients or bioactives in fruit Grapefruit are Curcumin, Lupeol, Lycopene, Naringin, Formononetin. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like WNT Beta Catenin Signaling and Oncogenic Cancer Epigenetics and others. Grapefruit is not recommended for Prostate Adenocarcinoma when ongoing cancer treatment is Enzalutamide because it modifies those biochemical pathways which make the cancer treatment resistant or less responsive.

FRUIT JAVA PLUM IS RECOMMENDED OVER GRAPEFRUIT FOR Prostate Adenocarcinoma AND TREATMENT Enzalutamide.

Choose Nut BUTTERNUT or HICKORY NUT?

Butternut contains many active ingredients or bioactives such as Curcumin, Lupeol, Apigenin, Lycopene, Juglone. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like DNA Repair, Cell Cycle, Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition and Androgen Signaling and others. Butternut is recommended for Prostate Adenocarcinoma when ongoing cancer treatment is Enzalutamide. This is because Butternut modifies those biochemical pathways which have been scientifically reported to sensitize the effect of Enzalutamide.

Some of the active ingredients or bioactives in Hickory Nut are Curcumin, Lupeol, Apigenin, Lycopene, Formononetin. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition and Oncogenic Cancer Epigenetics and others. Hickory Nut is not recommended for Prostate Adenocarcinoma when ongoing cancer treatment is Enzalutamide because it modifies those biochemical pathways which make the cancer treatment resistant or less responsive.

BUTTERNUT IS RECOMMENDED OVER HICKORY NUT FOR Prostate Adenocarcinoma AND TREATMENT Enzalutamide.

For Individuals with Genetic Risk of Cancer

The question asked by individuals who have genetic risk of Prostate Adenocarcinoma or familial history is “What Should I Eat Differently from Before?” and how they should choose foods and supplements to manage risks of the disease. Since for cancer risk there is nothing actionable in terms of treatment – decisions of foods and supplements become important and one of the very few actionable things which can be done. All plant-based foods are not equal and based on identified genetics and pathway signature – the choices of food and supplements should be personalized.

Choose Vegetable GIANT BUTTERBUR or MUSTARD SPINACH?

Vegetable Giant Butterbur contains many active ingredients or bioactives such as Curcumin, Apigenin, Lupeol, Lycopene, Formononetin. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like P53 Signaling, Focal Adhesion, MAPK Signaling and Cell Cycle Checkpoints and others. Giant Butterbur is recommended for risk of Prostate Adenocarcinoma when associated genetic risk is DNMT3A. This is because Giant Butterbur increases those biochemical pathways which counteract the signature drivers of it.

Some of the active ingredients or bioactives in vegetable Mustard Spinach are Curcumin, Apigenin, Lupeol, Lycopene, Formononetin. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like DNA Repair, Cell Cycle Checkpoints and Oncogenic Cancer Epigenetics and others. Mustard Spinach is not recommended when risk of Prostate Adenocarcinoma when associated genetic risk is DNMT3A because it increases the signature pathways of it.

VEGETABLE GIANT BUTTERBUR IS RECOMMENDED OVER MUSTARD SPINACH FOR DNMT3A GENETIC RISK OF CANCER.

Choose Fruit RED RASPBERRY or PUMMELO?

Fruit Red Raspberry contains many active ingredients or bioactives such as Curcumin, Ellagic Acid, Quercetin, Lupeol, Formononetin. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like P53 Signaling, Focal Adhesion, Cell Cycle Checkpoints and MYC Signaling and others. Red Raspberry is recommended for risk of Prostate Adenocarcinoma when associated genetic risk is DNMT3A. This is because Red Raspberry increases those biochemical pathways which counteract the signature drivers of it.

Some of the active ingredients or bioactives in fruit Pummelo are Curcumin, Apigenin, Quercetin, Lupeol, Lycopene. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like DNA Repair and Cell Cycle Checkpoints and others. Pummelo is not recommended when risk of Prostate Adenocarcinoma when associated genetic risk is DNMT3A because it increases the signature pathways of it.

FRUIT RED RASPBERRY IS RECOMMENDED OVER PUMMELO FOR DNMT3A GENETIC RISK OF CANCER.

Choose Nut COMMON HAZELNUT or EUROPEAN CHESTNUT?

Common Hazelnut contains many active ingredients or bioactives such as Curcumin, Quercetin, Lupeol, Lycopene, Formononetin. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like P53 Signaling, Focal Adhesion, Cell Cycle Checkpoints and MYC Signaling and others. Common Hazelnut is recommended for risk of Prostate Adenocarcinoma when associated genetic risk is DNMT3A. This is because Common Hazelnut increases those biochemical pathways which counteract the signature drivers of it.

Some of the active ingredients or bioactives in European Chestnut are Curcumin, Apigenin, Ellagic Acid, Quercetin, Lupeol. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like DNA Repair and Oncogenic Cancer Epigenetics and others. European Chestnut is not recommended when risk of Prostate Adenocarcinoma when associated genetic risk is DNMT3A because it increases the signature pathways of it.

COMMON HAZELNUT IS RECOMMENDED OVER EUROPEAN CHESTNUT FOR DNMT3A GENETIC RISK OF CANCER.

In Conclusion

Foods and Supplements chosen are important decisions for cancers like Prostate Adenocarcinoma. Prostate Adenocarcinoma patients and individuals with genetic-risk always have this question: “What foods and nutritional supplements are recommended for me and which are not?” There is a common belief which is a misconception that all plant-based foods could be beneficial or not but would not be harmful. Certain foods and supplements can interfere with cancer treatments or promote molecular pathway drivers of cancer.

There are different types of cancer indications like Prostate Adenocarcinoma, each with different tumor genetics with further genomic variations across each individual. Further every cancer treatment and chemotherapy has a unique mechanism of action. Each food like Wild Carrot contains various bioactives in different quantities, which have an impact on different and distinct sets of biochemical pathways. The definition of personalized nutrition is individualized food recommendations for the cancer indication, treatments, genetics, lifestyle and other factors. Nutrition personalization decisions for cancer require knowledge of cancer biology, food science and an understanding of different chemotherapy treatments. Finally when there are treatment changes or new genomics is identified – the nutrition personalization needs re-evaluation.

The addon nutrition personalization solution makes the decision making easy and removes all the guesswork in answering the question, “What foods should I choose or not choose for Prostate Adenocarcinoma?”. The addon multi-disciplinary team includes cancer physicians, clinical scientists, software engineers and data scientists.

References

• Prostate Dkfz 2018
• The mutational landscape of lethal castration-resistant prostate cancer.
• Preventive effects of butyric acid, nicotinamide, calcium glucarate alone or in combination during the 7, 12-dimethylbenz (a) anthracene induced mouse skin tumorigenesis via modulation of K-Ras-PI3K-AKTpathway and associated micro RNAs.
• Paederia foetida induces anticancer activity by modulating chromatin modification enzymes and altering pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression in human prostate cancer cells.
• Betulinic acid inhibits prostate cancer growth through inhibition of specificity protein transcription factors.
• Lycopene differentially induces quiescence and apoptosis in androgen-responsive and -independent prostate cancer cell lines.
• https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/8634-prostate-cancer
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470550