Foods for Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma!

Introduction

Foods for Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma should be personalized for each individual and also must adapt when cancer treatment or tumor genetic change. The personalization and adaptation must consider all the active ingredients or bioactives contained in different foods with respect to cancer tissue biology, genetics, treatments, lifestyle conditions and diet preferences. Hence while nutrition is one of the very important decisions for a cancer patient and individual at risk of cancer to make – how to choose foods to eat is not an easy task.

Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, a unique brain tumor, often presents a diagnostic challenge in radiology due to its variable appearance. Characterized by its distinctive pathology, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma pathology outlines reveal a mix of pleomorphic cells and xanthic (foamy) astrocytes. Its classification can range from pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma grade 2 to grade 3, as per the CNS WHO guidelines, indicating its potential aggressiveness. The ICD-10 code for pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma offers a standardized way to report and track this condition. Prognosis varies; while some patients with grade 2 tumors have a favorable outlook, those with grade 3 lesions face a more challenging prognosis. Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma in adults can differ from pediatric cases, necessitating tailored treatment strategies. Treatment options for pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma typically include surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, depending on the tumor’s grade and location. Understanding the survival rates and recognizing symptoms early are crucial for effective management and improving patient outcomes.

For Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma does it matter what vegetables, fruits, nuts, seeds one eats?

A very common nutrition question asked by cancer patients and individuals at-genetic risk of cancer is – for cancers like Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma does it matter what foods I eat and which I do not? Or if I follow a plant-based diet is that enough for cancer like Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma?

For example does it matter if vegetable Globe Artichoke is consumed more compared to Leek? Does it make any difference if fruit Pummelo is preferred over Rabbiteye Blueberry? Also if similar choices are made for nuts/seeds like Butternut over Brazil Nut and for pulses like Gram Bean over Lentils. And if what I eat matters – then how does one identify foods which are recommended for Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma and is it the same answer for everyone with the same diagnosis or genetic risk?

Yes! Foods you eat matters for Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma!

Food recommendations may not be the same for everyone and can be different even for the same diagnosis and genetic risk.

All foods (vegetables, fruits, nuts, seeds, pulses, oils etc.) and nutritional supplements are made up of more than one active molecular ingredient or bio-actives in different proportions and quantities. Each active ingredient has a unique mechanism of action – which can be activation or inhibition of different biochemical pathways. Simply stated foods and supplements which are recommended are those which do not cause an increase of molecular drivers of cancer but reduce them. Else those foods should not be recommended. Foods contain multiple active ingredients – hence when evaluating foods and supplements you need to consider the impact of all active ingredients cumulatively rather than individually.

For example Pummelo contains active ingredients Quercetin, Apigenin, Isoliquiritigenin, Caffeine, Curcumin. And Rabbiteye Blueberry contains active ingredients Quercetin, Eugenol, Gallic Acid, Geraniol, P-coumaric Acid and possibly others.

A common mistake made when deciding and choosing foods to eat for Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma – is to evaluate only selected active ingredients contained in foods and ignore the rest. Because different active ingredients contained in foods may have opposing effects on cancer drivers – you cannot cherry pick active ingredients in foods and supplements for making a nutrition decision for Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma.

YES – FOOD CHOICES MATTER FOR CANCER. NUTRITION DECISIONS MUST CONSIDER ALL ACTIVE INGREDIENTS OF FOODS.

Skills Needed for Nutrition Personalization for Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma?

Personalized nutrition for cancers like Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma consists of recommended foods / supplements; not recommended foods / supplements with example recipes which prioritize use of recommended foods. An example of personalized nutrition can be seen at this link.

Deciding which foods are recommended or not is extremely complicated, requiring expertise in Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma biology, food science, genetics, biochemistry along with good understanding of how cancer treatments work and associated vulnerabilities by which the treatments could stop being effective.

MINIMUM KNOWLEDGE EXPERTISE NEEDED FOR NUTRITION PERSONALIZATION FOR CANCER ARE: CANCER BIOLOGY, FOOD SCIENCE, CANCER TREATMENTS AND GENETICS.

Characteristics of cancers like Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma

All cancers like Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma can be characterized by a unique set of biochemical pathways – the signature pathways of Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma. Biochemical pathways like DNA Repair, Hypoxia, RAS-RAF Signaling, MAPK Signaling are part of the signature definition of Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma. Each individual’s cancer genetics can be different and hence their specific cancer signature could be unique.

The treatments which are effective for Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma need to be cognizant of the associated signature biochemical pathways for each cancer patient and individual at genetic risk. Therefore different treatments with different mechanisms of actions are effective for different patients. Similarly and for the same reasons foods and supplements need to be personalized for each individual. Hence some foods and supplements are recommended for Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma when taking cancer treatment Temozolomide, and some foods and supplements are not recommended.

Sources like cBioPortal and many others provide population representative patient anonymized data from clinical trials for all cancer indications. This data consists of clinical trial study details like sample size / number of patients, age groups, gender, ethnicity, treatments, tumor site and any genetic mutations.

BRAF, DCLRE1C, SLX4, CIITA and RAD54B are the top ranked reported genes for Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma. BRAF is reported in 77.8 % of the representative patients across all clinical trials. And DCLRE1C is reported in 33.3 %. The combined population patient data cover ages from 70 to 70. 0.0 % of the patient data are identified as men. The Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma biology along with reported genetics together define the population represented signature biochemical pathways for this cancer. If the individual cancer tumor genetics or genes contributing to the risk are also known then that should also be used for nutrition personalization.

NUTRITION CHOICES SHOULD MATCH WITH EACH INDIVIDUAL’S CANCER SIGNATURE.

Food and Supplements for Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma

For Cancer Patients

Cancer patients on treatment or on palliative care need to make decisions on food and supplements – for the needed dietary calories, for managing any treatment side effects and also for improved cancer management. All plant-based foods are not equal and choosing and prioritizing foods which are personalized and customized to ongoing cancer treatment is important and complicated. Here are some examples providing guidelines for making nutrition decisions.

Choose Vegetable GLOBE ARTICHOKE or LEEK?

Vegetable Globe Artichoke contains many active ingredients or bioactives such as Apigenin, Isoliquiritigenin, Luteolin, Myricetin, Kaempferol. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like Cell Cycle, Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition, MAPK Signaling and PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling and others. Globe Artichoke is recommended for Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma when ongoing cancer treatment is Temozolomide. This is because Globe Artichoke modifies those biochemical pathways which have been scientifically reported to sensitize the effect of Temozolomide.

Some of the active ingredients or bioactives in vegetable Leek are Apigenin, Isoliquiritigenin, Luteolin, Myricetin, Kaempferol. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like Oncogenic Histone Methylation and WNT Beta Catenin Signaling and others. Leek is not recommended for Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma when ongoing cancer treatment is Temozolomide because it modifies those biochemical pathways which make the cancer treatment resistant or less responsive.

VEGETABLE GLOBE ARTICHOKE IS RECOMMENDED OVER LEEK FOR Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma AND TREATMENT Temozolomide.

Choose Fruit RABBITEYE BLUEBERRY or PUMMELO?

Fruit Rabbiteye Blueberry contains many active ingredients or bioactives such as Quercetin, Eugenol, Gallic Acid, Geraniol, P-coumaric Acid. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like DNA Repair, Cell Cycle, MAPK Signaling and NFKB Signaling and others. Rabbiteye Blueberry is recommended for Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma when ongoing cancer treatment is Temozolomide. This is because Rabbiteye Blueberry modifies those biochemical pathways which have been scientifically reported to sensitize the effect of Temozolomide.

Some of the active ingredients or bioactives in fruit Pummelo are Quercetin, Apigenin, Isoliquiritigenin, Caffeine, Curcumin. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like WNT Beta Catenin Signaling and others. Pummelo is not recommended for Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma when ongoing cancer treatment is Temozolomide because it modifies those biochemical pathways which make the cancer treatment resistant or less responsive.

FRUIT RABBITEYE BLUEBERRY IS RECOMMENDED OVER PUMMELO FOR Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma AND TREATMENT Temozolomide.

Choose Nut BUTTERNUT or BRAZIL NUT?

Butternut contains many active ingredients or bioactives such as Apigenin, Isoliquiritigenin, Luteolin, Myricetin, Kaempferol. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like Cell Cycle, Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition, DNA Repair and MAPK Signaling and others. Butternut is recommended for Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma when ongoing cancer treatment is Temozolomide. This is because Butternut modifies those biochemical pathways which have been scientifically reported to sensitize the effect of Temozolomide.

Some of the active ingredients or bioactives in Brazil Nut are Isoliquiritigenin, Ellagic Acid, Curcumin, Delphinidin, Formononetin. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like JAK-STAT Signaling, Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition, WNT Beta Catenin Signaling and MAPK Signaling and others. Brazil Nut is not recommended for Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma when ongoing cancer treatment is Temozolomide because it modifies those biochemical pathways which make the cancer treatment resistant or less responsive.

BUTTERNUT IS RECOMMENDED OVER BRAZIL NUT FOR Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma AND TREATMENT Temozolomide.

For Individuals with Genetic Risk of Cancer

The question asked by individuals who have genetic risk of Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma or familial history is “What Should I Eat Differently from Before?” and how they should choose foods and supplements to manage risks of the disease. Since for cancer risk there is nothing actionable in terms of treatment – decisions of foods and supplements become important and one of the very few actionable things which can be done. All plant-based foods are not equal and based on identified genetics and pathway signature – the choices of food and supplements should be personalized.

Choose Vegetable GIANT BUTTERBUR or BROCCOLI?

Vegetable Giant Butterbur contains many active ingredients or bioactives such as Apigenin, Curcumin, Lycopene, Myricetin, Protocatechuic Acid. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like DNA Repair, Hypoxia, P53 Signaling and MAPK Signaling and others. Giant Butterbur is recommended for risk of Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma when associated genetic risk is BRAF. This is because Giant Butterbur increases those biochemical pathways which counteract the signature drivers of it.

Some of the active ingredients or bioactives in vegetable Broccoli are Curcumin, Quercetin, Protocatechuic Acid, Lupeol, Vitamin C. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like DNA Repair and Small Molecule Transport and others. Broccoli is not recommended when risk of Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma when associated genetic risk is BRAF because it increases the signature pathways of it.

VEGETABLE GIANT BUTTERBUR IS RECOMMENDED OVER BROCCOLI FOR BRAF GENETIC RISK OF CANCER.

Choose Fruit NANCE or GRAPEFRUIT?

Fruit Nance contains many active ingredients or bioactives such as Apigenin, Curcumin, Myricetin, Protocatechuic Acid, Lupeol. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like Hypoxia, P53 Signaling and MAPK Signaling and others. Nance is recommended for risk of Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma when associated genetic risk is BRAF. This is because Nance increases those biochemical pathways which counteract the signature drivers of it.

Some of the active ingredients or bioactives in fruit Grapefruit are Curcumin, Lycopene, Lupeol, Naringin, Phloretin. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like DNA Repair and others. Grapefruit is not recommended when risk of Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma when associated genetic risk is BRAF because it increases the signature pathways of it.

FRUIT NANCE IS RECOMMENDED OVER GRAPEFRUIT FOR BRAF GENETIC RISK OF CANCER.

Choose Nut COMMON HAZELNUT or HICKORY NUT?

Common Hazelnut contains many active ingredients or bioactives such as Curcumin, Lycopene, Quercetin, Myricetin, Protocatechuic Acid. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like Hypoxia, P53 Signaling, Small Molecule Transport and MAPK Signaling and others. Common Hazelnut is recommended for risk of Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma when associated genetic risk is BRAF. This is because Common Hazelnut increases those biochemical pathways which counteract the signature drivers of it.

Some of the active ingredients or bioactives in Hickory Nut are Apigenin, Curcumin, Lycopene, Myricetin, Protocatechuic Acid. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like DNA Repair and Oncogenic Cancer Epigenetics and others. Hickory Nut is not recommended when risk of Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma when associated genetic risk is BRAF because it increases the signature pathways of it.

COMMON HAZELNUT IS RECOMMENDED OVER HICKORY NUT FOR BRAF GENETIC RISK OF CANCER.

In Conclusion

Foods and Supplements chosen are important decisions for cancers like Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma. Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma patients and individuals with genetic-risk always have this question: “What foods and nutritional supplements are recommended for me and which are not?” There is a common belief which is a misconception that all plant-based foods could be beneficial or not but would not be harmful. Certain foods and supplements can interfere with cancer treatments or promote molecular pathway drivers of cancer.

There are different types of cancer indications like Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma, each with different tumor genetics with further genomic variations across each individual. Further every cancer treatment and chemotherapy has a unique mechanism of action. Each food like Globe Artichoke contains various bioactives in different quantities, which have an impact on different and distinct sets of biochemical pathways. The definition of personalized nutrition is individualized food recommendations for the cancer indication, treatments, genetics, lifestyle and other factors. Nutrition personalization decisions for cancer require knowledge of cancer biology, food science and an understanding of different chemotherapy treatments. Finally when there are treatment changes or new genomics is identified – the nutrition personalization needs re-evaluation.

The addon nutrition personalization solution makes the decision making easy and removes all the guesswork in answering the question, “What foods should I choose or not choose for Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma?”. The addon multi-disciplinary team includes cancer physicians, clinical scientists, software engineers and data scientists.

References

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• https://www.cancer.gov/rare-brain-spine-tumor/tumors/pleomorphic-xanthroastrocytoma
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• https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11547-022-01531-3