Highlights
No two cancers are the same, nor are they treated the same, and neither should nutrition be the same for everyone. Nutrition includes foods like pulses, vegetables, fruits, nuts, oils, herbs and spices. Also nutrition includes supplements which are high concentrations of foods or high concentrations of individual ingredients found in foods. For cancers like Phyllodes Tumors when undergoing chemotherapy or when you determine you have a genetic risk for developing Phyllodes Tumors because of MED12 and SETD2 gene mutations, a very important question is “What foods should I avoid and what foods are recommended specifically for me?”. The other related question is “What nutritional supplements should I avoid?”.
There is no one answer to this question for cancers such as Phyllodes Tumors which can be found through internet searches. The answer to the question is “It Depends” because the nutrition plan needs to be personalized for you. Nutrition should depend on the cancer indication, genetic information, adult or pediatric, staging, primary or secondary, advanced, metastatic, relapsed or refractory, ongoing treatments if any, nutritional supplements being taken, age and factors like gender, weight, height, lifestyle, allergies and food preferences.
In short – the process to answer questions like “Should I Avoid eating fruit Grape” or “Include fruit Plum in my diet” or “Should I reduce consumption of vegetable Spinach” or “Can I take Neem Extract and Quercetin supplements” is not as simple as internet searches. The process is very complex and answers are based on knowhow of genetics, action of treatments, active ingredients in foods and their associated biological action. Finally the answer to the nutrition question needs to be personalized for you.
RECOMMENDATION: PERSONALIZE YOUR FOODS AND SUPPLEMENTS TO PHYLLODES TUMORS, TREATMENTS, GENETIC INFORMATION, AND OTHER CONDITIONS.
The overall objective of personalized nutrition for Phyllodes Tumors is to minimize foods and nutritional supplements which have adverse interactions with cancer molecular drivers and ongoing treatments. And identify those foods and supplements which have a beneficial action. Whenever there are changes in treatments or diagnosis – it is important to remember that your foods and supplements need re-evaluation. And the answers to the nutrition question could be different based on the new context.
RECOMMENDATION: UPDATE YOUR NUTRITION FOR PHYLLODES TUMORS, WHEN TREATMENTS, DISEASE STATUS AND OTHER CONDITIONS CHANGE.
About Phyllodes Tumors
cBioPortal is one source of collection of cancer patient data from clinical trials across 350 plus cancer indications. The data from each clinical trial includes the clinical trial name and study details like number of patients, ages, gender, ethnicity, treatments, tumor site, genetic aberrations found and analysis of all the data. The cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics was originally developed at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK). The public cBioPortal site is hosted by the Center for Molecular Oncology at MSK – https://www.cbioportal.org/about.
Following key highlights are derived from clinical data for Phyllodes Tumors from cBioPortal. The patients enrolled in the studies for Phyllodes Tumors are in ages between 22 to 79 with an average age of 48.From a patient sample size of 22; the top genes with mutations and other abnormalities for Phyllodes Tumors include genes MED12, SETD2, RARA, AHR and ALOX15. The occurrence frequency distribution for these genes respectively is 60.0%, 30.0%, 30.0%, 10.0% and 10.0%. These tumor genetic details of Phyllodes Tumors are mapped to molecular biochemical pathway drivers of cancer thereby providing definition of characteristic features of Phyllodes Tumors.
Phyllodes tumors are rare fibroepithelial breast tumors that account for fewer than 0.5% of all breast cancers. These tumors can be benign, borderline or malignant and they have a high local recurrence rate, while the malignant form can metastasize, most frequently to the lungs. Boderline and malignant phyllodes tumor metastasis rate is about 25-31%, while the overall rate of phyllodes tumor metastasis is 4%. Breast phyllodes tumor lesions are often single, nodular, painless masses with a sublte onset and slow progression. Majority of patients with benign and borderline phyllodes tumors are cured with surgery. Adjuvant therapy post-surgery could include radiation therapy or chemotherapy to prevent recurrence of malignant phyllodes tumors. The 5-year survival rate for malignant phyllodes tumors is approximately 60-80%. Optimal nutrition (foods and natural supplements) complimentary to the tumor type and treatment context can further help to improve survival and quality of life. (Ref: Zhou Z-R et al, J of Thoracic Disease, 2016; Demain GA et al, J of Egyptian Natl’ Cancer Inst., 2016)
Significance of Nutrition for Phyllodes Tumors
All foods and nutritional supplements consist of a collection of one or more active chemical ingredients in different proportions and quantities. The action of some active ingredients in a food can have adverse interactions while other active ingredients in the same food may be supportive from the context of Phyllodes Tumors. Hence the same food has good and not-so-good actions and analysis of combined effect will be needed to come up with a personalized nutrition plan.
For example Grape includes active ingredients Vitamin E, Pterostilbene, Resveratrol and others. And Plum contains active ingredients Quercetin, Palmitic Acid and others. It is likely that some of these active ingredients of the same food could have opposing effects and hence it is recommended to identify recommended foods based on analysis of all high quantity ingredients contained in foods.
For cancers like Phyllodes Tumors, activation or inhibition of selected biochemical pathways like TGFB Signaling, Oncogenic Histone Methylation, Extracellular Matrix Remodelling, DNA Repair plays an important role in driving cancer growth. Similarly different treatments work via different molecular actions which should never be canceled out by your foods and supplements. The foods and nutritional supplements contain different active ingredients each of which have a specific molecular action on different biochemical pathways. Hence, eating some foods and nutritional supplements would be recommended with a specific treatment of Phyllodes Tumors, while eating some other foods and supplements may not be recommended.
One common mistake when finding foods to eat or not – is to consider only a few active ingredients contained in foods based on internet searches and ignore the rest. Because different active ingredients contained in foods may have opposing effects on relevant biochemical pathways – it is recommended to consider all the high quantity active ingredients that are present in significant and much larger than trace amounts in the food.
RECOMMENDATION: TO FIND RECOMMENDED AND NON-RECOMMENDED FOODS FOR PHYLLODES TUMORS – CONSIDER HIGH QUANTITY ACTIVE INGREDIENTS CONTAINED IN FOODS.
Foods for Phyllodes Tumors undergoing chemotherapy treatment
In Phyllodes Tumors – the genes MED12, SETD2, RARA, AHR and ALOX15 have high occurrences of genomic abnormalities. Not all of these genes necessarily are relevant for cancer – though they have been reported. Some of these genes directly or indirectly end up manipulating different cancer related biochemical biological pathways. Some of the pathways which are relevant drivers for Phyllodes Tumors are and others. Pemetrexed is one of the chemotherapies used for cancer treatment. The intent of treatment is to negate or cancel out effects of biochemical pathway drivers so as to reduce disease progression and inhibit growth. Those foods whose combined action of active ingredients support treatment action and do not enhance disease drivers are recommended foods and supplements which will be included in personalized nutrition. And similarly – those foods whose combined action of active ingredients is not supportive of treatment action but end up promoting disease drives will not be recommended in your personalized nutrition plan.
RECOMMENDATION: AVOID SUPPLEMENTS AND FOODS WHICH ARE NOT SUPPORTIVE OF CANCER TREATMENT ACTION AND RATHER ENHANCE DISEASE DRIVERS.
Eat more pulses, Fava Bean or Lima Bean?
Pulses are an important part of many diets. The active ingredients contained in Fava Bean are Quercetin, Ferulic Acid, Genistein among others. While the active ingredients contained in Lima Bean are Genistein and others.
Quercetin can manipulate biochemical pathways DNA Repair. Ferulic Acid has biological action on biochemical pathways DNA Repair.
Genistein can manipulate biochemical pathways DNA Repair. And so on.
When treating Phyllodes Tumors with chemotherapy Pemetrexed – Foods like Fava Bean are recommended compared to Lima Bean. This is because the active ingredients Genistein in Lima Bean interferes with treatment action by canceling out the biochemical pathways through which the chemotherapy works. While the active ingredients Quercetin and Ferulic Acid contained in Fava Bean support the treatment action by enhancing the biochemical pathway effect through which the chemotherapy works.
RECOMMENDATION: FAVA BEAN IS RECOMMENDED OVER LIMA BEAN FOR PHYLLODES TUMORS ON TREATMENT WITH CHEMOTHERAPY PEMETREXED FOR SOME CONDITIONS.
Eat more vegetables, Parsnip or Spinach?
Vegetables are an important part of many diets. The active ingredients contained in Parsnip are Quercetin, Myristicin, Angelicin, Ferulic Acid, Gallic Acid among others. While the active ingredients contained in Spinach are Quercetin, Apigenin and others.
Myristicin can manipulate biochemical pathways DNA Repair. Ferulic Acid has biological action on biochemical pathways DNA Repair.
Apigenin can manipulate biochemical pathways DNA Repair. And so on.
When treating Phyllodes Tumors with chemotherapy Pemetrexed – Foods like Parsnip are recommended compared to Spinach. This is because the active ingredients Apigenin in Spinach interferes with treatment action by canceling out the biochemical pathways through which the chemotherapy works. While the active ingredients Myristicin and Ferulic Acid contained in Parsnip support the treatment action by enhancing the biochemical pathway effect through which the chemotherapy works.
RECOMMENDATION: PARSNIP IS RECOMMENDED OVER SPINACH FOR PHYLLODES TUMORS ON TREATMENT WITH CHEMOTHERAPY PEMETREXED FOR SOME CONDITIONS.
Eat more fruits, Plum or Grape?
Fruits are an important part of many diets. The active ingredients contained in Plum are Quercetin, Palmitic Acid among others. While the active ingredients contained in Grape are Vitamin E, Pterostilbene, Resveratrol and others.
Palmitic Acid can manipulate biochemical pathways DNA Repair. Quercetin has biological action on biochemical pathways DNA Repair.
Resveratrol can manipulate biochemical pathways DNA Repair. Pterostilbene has biological action on biochemical pathways DNA Repair. And so on.
When treating Phyllodes Tumors with chemotherapy Pemetrexed – Foods like Plum are recommended compared to Grape. This is because the active ingredients Resveratrol and Pterostilbene in Grape interferes with treatment action by canceling out the biochemical pathways through which the chemotherapy works. While the active ingredients Palmitic Acid and Quercetin contained in Plum support the treatment action by enhancing the biochemical pathway effect through which the chemotherapy works.
RECOMMENDATION: PLUM IS RECOMMENDED OVER GRAPE FOR PHYLLODES TUMORS ON TREATMENT WITH CHEMOTHERAPY PEMETREXED FOR SOME CONDITIONS.
Eat more nuts, Almond or Walnut?
Nuts are an important part of many diets. The active ingredients contained in Almond are Quercetin, Vitamin E among others. While the active ingredients contained in Walnut are Quercetin, Vitamin E, Gallic Acid, Juglone, Genistein and others.
Quercetin can manipulate biochemical pathways DNA Repair. Vitamin E has biological action on biochemical pathways DNA Repair.
Juglone can manipulate biochemical pathways DNA Repair. Genistein has biological action on biochemical pathways DNA Repair. And so on.
When treating Phyllodes Tumors with chemotherapy Pemetrexed – Foods like Almond are recommended compared to Walnut. This is because the active ingredients Juglone and Genistein in Walnut interferes with treatment action by canceling out the biochemical pathways through which the chemotherapy works. While the active ingredients Quercetin and Vitamin E contained in Almond support the treatment action by enhancing the biochemical pathway effect through which the chemotherapy works.
RECOMMENDATION: ALMOND IS RECOMMENDED OVER WALNUT FOR PHYLLODES TUMORS ON TREATMENT WITH CHEMOTHERAPY PEMETREXED FOR SOME CONDITIONS.
Foods for Genetic Risk of Phyllodes Tumors
One of the ways to assess risk of cancer is by checking for presence of genetic abnormalities in a set of genes. There is prior information on a list of genes whose mutations and other aberrations can play a role in risk to different cancers. MED12 and SETD2 are two genes whose abnormalities are risk factors for Phyllodes Tumors. In such a cancer risk situation – while there are typically no treatments which a physician can prescribe – the various biochemical pathways which are potentially molecular drivers of Phyllodes Tumors can be used as a guide for coming up with a recommended personalized nutrition plan. For Phyllodes Tumors gene MED12 has causative impact on biological pathways like TGFB Signaling and Thyroid Hormone Signaling. And SETD2 has a causative impact on biological pathways like Oncogenic Histone Methylation. Foods and nutritional supplements which have molecular action to cancel out biochemical pathways effects of genes like MED12 and SETD2 should be included in a personalized nutrition plan. And those foods and supplements which promote the effects of genes MED12 and SETD2 should be avoided.
Eat more pulses, Mung Bean or Soy Bean?
The active ingredients contained in Mung Bean are Quercetin, Vitamin C, Linolenic Acid, Oleic Acid, Genistein among others. While the active ingredients contained in Soy Bean are Quercetin, Vitamin E, Lupeol, Daidzein, Vitamin C and others.
Quercetin can manipulate biochemical pathways Cell Cycle Checkpoints, Apoptosis and PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling. Vitamin C has biological action on biochemical pathways MAPK Signaling, Growth Factor Signaling and RAS-RAF Signaling.
Aescin can manipulate biochemical pathways Cell Cycle Checkpoints. Lecithin has biological action on biochemical pathways PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling, MAPK Signaling and MYC Signaling. And so on.
For genetic risk of Phyllodes Tumors due to abnormalities in genes MED12 and SETD2 – Foods like Mung Bean are recommended compared to Soy Bean. This is because the active ingredients Aescin and Lecithin in Soy Bean further promote the effects of genes on the biochemical pathways. While the active ingredients Quercetin and Vitamin C contained in Mung Bean together have a canceling effect of genes on the biochemical pathways.
RECOMMENDATION: MUNG BEAN IS RECOMMENDED OVER SOY BEAN FOR REDUCING THE GENETIC RISK OF PHYLLODES TUMORS DUE TO GENES MED12 AND SETD2
Eat more vegetables, Cassava or Chicory?
The active ingredients contained in Cassava are Vitamin C, Beta-sitosterol, Linolenic Acid, Oleic Acid, Linoleic Acid among others. While the active ingredients contained in Chicory are Apigenin, Protocatechuic Acid, Quercetin, Delphinidin, Lupeol and others.
Vitamin C can manipulate biochemical pathways Cell Cycle Checkpoints, Apoptosis and PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling. Beta-sitosterol has biological action on biochemical pathways MYC Signaling, PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling and Cell Cycle Checkpoints.
Caffeic Acid can manipulate biochemical pathways TGFB Signaling. Apigenin has biological action on biochemical pathways TGFB Signaling. And so on.
For genetic risk of Phyllodes Tumors due to abnormalities in genes MED12 and SETD2 – Foods like Cassava are recommended compared to Chicory. This is because the active ingredients Caffeic Acid and Apigenin in Chicory further promote the effects of genes on the biochemical pathways. While the active ingredients Vitamin C and Beta-sitosterol contained in Cassava together have a canceling effect of genes on the biochemical pathways.
RECOMMENDATION: CASSAVA IS RECOMMENDED OVER CHICORY FOR REDUCING THE GENETIC RISK OF PHYLLODES TUMORS DUE TO GENES MED12 AND SETD2
Foods to Eat After Cancer Diagnosis!
No two cancers are the same. Go beyond the common nutrition guidelines for everyone and make personalized decisions about food and supplements with confidence.
Eat more fruits, Currant or Cranberry?
The active ingredients contained in Currant are Quercetin, Delphinidin, Cianidanol, Vitamin C, Beta-sitosterol among others. While the active ingredients contained in Cranberry are Ellagic Acid, Quercetin, Delphinidin, Hyperoside, Vitamin C and others.
Delphinidin can manipulate biochemical pathways PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling, MAPK Signaling and Growth Factor Signaling. Cianidanol has biological action on biochemical pathways Cell Cycle Checkpoints, Apoptosis and MYC Signaling.
Ellagic Acid can manipulate biochemical pathways MYC Signaling and Cell Cycle Checkpoints. Myricetin has biological action on biochemical pathways Oncogenic Histone Methylation. And so on.
For genetic risk of Phyllodes Tumors due to abnormalities in genes MED12 and SETD2 – Foods like Currant are recommended compared to Cranberry. This is because the active ingredients Ellagic Acid and Myricetin in Cranberry further promote the effects of genes on the biochemical pathways. While the active ingredients Delphinidin and Cianidanol contained in Currant together have a canceling effect of genes on the biochemical pathways.
RECOMMENDATION: CURRANT IS RECOMMENDED OVER CRANBERRY FOR REDUCING THE GENETIC RISK OF PHYLLODES TUMORS DUE TO GENES MED12 AND SETD2
Eat more nuts, Brazil Nut or Cashew Nut?
The active ingredients contained in Brazil Nut are Vitamin E, Linolenic Acid, Oleic Acid, Lecithin, Folic Acid among others. While the active ingredients contained in Cashew Nut are Vitamin C, Beta-sitosterol, Gallic Acid, Palmitic Acid, Butyric Acid and others.
Vitamin E can manipulate biochemical pathways Cell Cycle Checkpoints, Apoptosis and PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling. Linolenic Acid has biological action on biochemical pathways MAPK Signaling, Growth Factor Signaling and MYC Signaling.
Lauric Acid can manipulate biochemical pathways PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling, MAPK Signaling and MYC Signaling. Myristic Acid has biological action on biochemical pathways Cell Cycle Checkpoints, Apoptosis and RAS-RAF Signaling. And so on.
For genetic risk of Phyllodes Tumors due to abnormalities in genes MED12 and SETD2 – Foods like Brazil Nut are recommended compared to Cashew Nut. This is because the active ingredients Lauric Acid and Myristic Acid in Cashew Nut further promote the effects of genes on the biochemical pathways. While the active ingredients Vitamin E and Linolenic Acid contained in Brazil Nut together have a canceling effect of genes on the biochemical pathways.
RECOMMENDATION: BRAZIL NUT IS RECOMMENDED OVER CASHEW NUT FOR REDUCING THE GENETIC RISK OF PHYLLODES TUMORS DUE TO GENES MED12 AND SETD2
In Summary
An important thing to remember is that cancer treatments may not be the same for everyone – and neither should your nutrition be. Nutrition which includes food and nutritional supplements is a very effective tool controlled by you.
“What should I eat?” is the most frequently asked question in the context of cancer. The answer calculation is complex and depends upon cancer type, underlying genomics, current treatments, any allergies, lifestyle information, and factors like BMI.
The addon personalized nutrition plan recommends foods and supplements which minimizes adverse nutrition interactions and encourages support to treatments.
You can get started NOW and design a personalized nutrition plan for Phyllodes Tumors by answering questions on type of cancer, current treatments, supplements, allergies, age group, gender, and lifestyle information.
What food you eat and which supplements you take is a decision you make. Your decision should include consideration of the cancer gene mutations, which cancer, ongoing treatments and supplements, any allergies, lifestyle information, weight, height and habits.
The nutrition planning for cancer from addon is not based on internet searches. It automates the decision making for you based on molecular science implemented by our scientists and software engineers. Irrespective of whether you care to understand the underlying biochemical molecular pathways or not - for nutrition planning for cancer that understanding is needed.
Get started NOW with your nutrition planning by answering questions on the name of cancer, genetic mutations, ongoing treatments and supplements, any allergies, habits, lifestyle, age group and gender.
References
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- HyperFoods: Machine intelligent mapping of cancer-beating molecules in foods.
Personalized Nutrition for Cancer!
Cancer changes with time. Customize and modify your nutrition based on cancer indication, treatments, lifestyle, food preferences, allergies and other factors.