Highlights
No two cancers are the same, nor are they treated the same, and neither should nutrition be the same for everyone. Nutrition includes foods like pulses, vegetables, fruits, nuts, oils, herbs and spices. Also nutrition includes supplements which are high concentrations of foods or high concentrations of individual ingredients found in foods. For cancers like Leiomyosarcoma when undergoing chemotherapy or when you determine you have a genetic risk for developing Leiomyosarcoma because of RB1 and RYR2 gene mutations, a very important question is “What foods should I avoid and what foods are recommended specifically for me?”. The other related question is “What nutritional supplements should I avoid?”.
There is no one answer to this question for cancers such as Leiomyosarcoma which can be found through internet searches. The answer to the question is “It Depends” because the nutrition plan needs to be personalized for you. Nutrition should depend on the cancer indication, genetic information, adult or pediatric, staging, primary or secondary, advanced, metastatic, relapsed or refractory, ongoing treatments if any, nutritional supplements being taken, age and factors like gender, weight, height, lifestyle, allergies and food preferences.
In short – the process to answer questions like “Should I Avoid eating fruit Date” or “Include fruit Raspberry in my diet” or “Should I reduce consumption of vegetable Kale” or “Can I take Dim and Birch supplements” is not as simple as internet searches. The process is very complex and answers are based on knowhow of genetics, action of treatments, active ingredients in foods and their associated biological action. Finally the answer to the nutrition question needs to be personalized for you.
RECOMMENDATION: PERSONALIZE YOUR FOODS AND SUPPLEMENTS TO LEIOMYOSARCOMA, TREATMENTS, GENETIC INFORMATION, AND OTHER CONDITIONS.
The overall objective of personalized nutrition for Leiomyosarcoma is to minimize foods and nutritional supplements which have adverse interactions with cancer molecular drivers and ongoing treatments. And identify those foods and supplements which have a beneficial action. Whenever there are changes in treatments or diagnosis – it is important to remember that your foods and supplements need re-evaluation. And the answers to the nutrition question could be different based on the new context.
RECOMMENDATION: UPDATE YOUR NUTRITION FOR LEIOMYOSARCOMA, WHEN TREATMENTS, DISEASE STATUS AND OTHER CONDITIONS CHANGE.
About Leiomyosarcoma
cBioPortal is one source of collection of cancer patient data from clinical trials across 350 plus cancer indications. The data from each clinical trial includes the clinical trial name and study details like number of patients, ages, gender, ethnicity, treatments, tumor site, genetic aberrations found and analysis of all the data. The cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics was originally developed at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK). The public cBioPortal site is hosted by the Center for Molecular Oncology at MSK – https://www.cbioportal.org/about.
Following key highlights are derived from clinical data for Leiomyosarcoma from cBioPortal. The patients enrolled in the studies for Leiomyosarcoma are in ages between 33 to 90 with an average age of 58. 36.7% of males and 63.3% of females were the distribution of gender in these clinical studies. From a patient sample size of 504; the top genes with mutations and other abnormalities for Leiomyosarcoma include genes RB1, PTEN, RYR2, MT-CO1 and MAP2. The occurrence frequency distribution for these genes respectively is 3.7%, 1.4%, 1.4%, 1.4% and 1.0%. These tumor genetic details of Leiomyosarcoma are mapped to molecular biochemical pathway drivers of cancer thereby providing definition of characteristic features of Leiomyosarcoma.
Leiomyosarcoma is a rare cancer that forms in involuntary smooth muscle tissue found in different regions of the body including stomach, bladder, uterus, intestines, and blood vessels. It is an aggressive soft tissue sarcoma that occurs more often in women than men, and more commonly in adults over the age of 50. Symptoms of leiomyosarcoma may vary depending on how big the tumor is and where it is found in the body, but general symptoms include pain, tiredness, abdominal bloating, nausea and vomiting, weight loss and fever. Leiomyosarcoma has a high rate of spread to any soft tissue in the body including lungs. When leiomyosarcoma is diagnosed in early stages and removed by surgery, it has a good prognosis and full recovery is likely. However, if leiomyosarcoma is large and metastasized to other parts of the body, treatment is more difficult and has a poor prognosis. Treatment modalities for leiomyosarcoma include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Supportive care with the right nutrition (foods and natural supplements) along with the treatment can improve patient well-being. (Ref: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22059-leiomyosarcoma ; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551667/ ; https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/leiomyosarcoma/)
Significance of Nutrition for Leiomyosarcoma
All foods and nutritional supplements consist of a collection of one or more active chemical ingredients in different proportions and quantities. The action of some active ingredients in a food can have adverse interactions while other active ingredients in the same food may be supportive from the context of Leiomyosarcoma. Hence the same food has good and not-so-good actions and analysis of combined effect will be needed to come up with a personalized nutrition plan.
For example Date includes active ingredients Quercetin, Lupeol, Beta-sitosterol, Vitamin C, Linolenic Acid and others. And Raspberry contains active ingredients Quercetin, Ellagic Acid, Resveratrol, Vitamin C, Gallic Acid and others. It is likely that some of these active ingredients of the same food could have opposing effects and hence it is recommended to identify recommended foods based on analysis of all high quantity ingredients contained in foods.
For cancers like Leiomyosarcoma, activation or inhibition of selected biochemical pathways like Angiogenesis, PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling, Small Molecule Transport, Focal Adhesion plays an important role in driving cancer growth. Similarly different treatments work via different molecular actions which should never be canceled out by your foods and supplements. The foods and nutritional supplements contain different active ingredients each of which have a specific molecular action on different biochemical pathways. Hence, eating some foods and nutritional supplements would be recommended with a specific treatment of Leiomyosarcoma, while eating some other foods and supplements may not be recommended.
One common mistake when finding foods to eat or not – is to consider only a few active ingredients contained in foods based on internet searches and ignore the rest. Because different active ingredients contained in foods may have opposing effects on relevant biochemical pathways – it is recommended to consider all the high quantity active ingredients that are present in significant and much larger than trace amounts in the food.
RECOMMENDATION: TO FIND RECOMMENDED AND NON-RECOMMENDED FOODS FOR LEIOMYOSARCOMA – CONSIDER HIGH QUANTITY ACTIVE INGREDIENTS CONTAINED IN FOODS.
Foods for Leiomyosarcoma undergoing chemotherapy treatment
In Leiomyosarcoma – the genes RB1, PTEN, RYR2, MT-CO1 and MAP2 have high occurrences of genomic abnormalities. Not all of these genes necessarily are relevant for cancer – though they have been reported. Some of these genes directly or indirectly end up manipulating different cancer related biochemical biological pathways. Some of the pathways which are relevant drivers for Leiomyosarcoma are Angiogenesis, PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling, Nucleotide metabolism and others. Fluorouracil is one of the chemotherapies used for cancer treatment. The intent of treatment is to negate or cancel out effects of biochemical pathway drivers Angiogenesis, PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling, Nucleotide metabolism so as to reduce disease progression and inhibit growth. Those foods whose combined action of active ingredients support treatment action and do not enhance disease drivers are recommended foods and supplements which will be included in personalized nutrition. And similarly – those foods whose combined action of active ingredients is not supportive of treatment action but end up promoting disease drives will not be recommended in your personalized nutrition plan.
RECOMMENDATION: AVOID SUPPLEMENTS AND FOODS WHICH ARE NOT SUPPORTIVE OF CANCER TREATMENT ACTION AND RATHER ENHANCE DISEASE DRIVERS.
Eat more pulses, Common Pea or Pigeon Pea?
Pulses are an important part of many diets. The active ingredients contained in Common Pea are Daidzein, Lupeol, Beta-sitosterol, Pelargonidin, Vitamin C among others. While the active ingredients contained in Pigeon Pea are Vitamin C, Linolenic Acid, Oleic Acid, Genistein, Linoleic Acid and others.
Beta-sitosterol can manipulate biochemical pathways Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition, NFKB Signaling and Adherens junction. Vitamin C has biological action on biochemical pathways MYC Signaling, WNT Beta Catenin Signaling and P53 Signaling.
Genistein can manipulate biochemical pathways DNA Repair and Oxidative Stress. Vitamin A has biological action on biochemical pathways Focal Adhesion. And so on.
When treating Leiomyosarcoma with chemotherapy Fluorouracil – Foods like Common Pea are recommended compared to Pigeon Pea. This is because the active ingredients Genistein and Vitamin A in Pigeon Pea interferes with treatment action by canceling out the biochemical pathways through which the chemotherapy works. While the active ingredients Beta-sitosterol and Vitamin C contained in Common Pea support the treatment action by enhancing the biochemical pathway effect through which the chemotherapy works.
RECOMMENDATION: COMMON PEA IS RECOMMENDED OVER PIGEON PEA FOR LEIOMYOSARCOMA ON TREATMENT WITH CHEMOTHERAPY FLUOROURACIL FOR SOME CONDITIONS.
Eat more vegetables, Cassava or Kale?
Vegetables are an important part of many diets. The active ingredients contained in Cassava are Beta-sitosterol, Vitamin C, Linolenic Acid, Oleic Acid, Linoleic Acid among others. While the active ingredients contained in Kale are Sulforaphane, Vitamin C, Linolenic Acid, Brassinin, Indole-3-carbinol and others.
Vitamin C can manipulate biochemical pathways Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition, Adherens junction and MYC Signaling. Beta-sitosterol has biological action on biochemical pathways NFKB Signaling, Microtubule Dynamics and Oxidative Stress.
Brassinin can manipulate biochemical pathways Oxidative Stress. Indole-3-carbinol has biological action on biochemical pathways DNA Repair and Oncogenic Cancer Epigenetics. And so on.
When treating Leiomyosarcoma with chemotherapy Fluorouracil – Foods like Cassava are recommended compared to Kale. This is because the active ingredients Brassinin and Indole-3-carbinol in Kale interferes with treatment action by canceling out the biochemical pathways through which the chemotherapy works. While the active ingredients Vitamin C and Beta-sitosterol contained in Cassava support the treatment action by enhancing the biochemical pathway effect through which the chemotherapy works.
RECOMMENDATION: CASSAVA IS RECOMMENDED OVER KALE FOR LEIOMYOSARCOMA ON TREATMENT WITH CHEMOTHERAPY FLUOROURACIL FOR SOME CONDITIONS.
Eat more fruits, Raspberry or Date?
Fruits are an important part of many diets. The active ingredients contained in Raspberry are Quercetin, Ellagic Acid, Resveratrol, Vitamin C, Gallic Acid among others. While the active ingredients contained in Date are Quercetin, Lupeol, Beta-sitosterol, Vitamin C, Linolenic Acid and others.
Ellagic Acid can manipulate biochemical pathways NFKB Signaling, Adherens junction and Microtubule Dynamics. Vitamin C has biological action on biochemical pathways Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition, MYC Signaling and WNT Beta Catenin Signaling.
Quercetin can manipulate biochemical pathways Oxidative Stress and Nucleotide metabolism. Protocatechuic Acid has biological action on biochemical pathways Oxidative Stress. And so on.
When treating Leiomyosarcoma with chemotherapy Fluorouracil – Foods like Raspberry are recommended compared to Date. This is because the active ingredients Quercetin and Protocatechuic Acid in Date interferes with treatment action by canceling out the biochemical pathways through which the chemotherapy works. While the active ingredients Ellagic Acid and Vitamin C contained in Raspberry support the treatment action by enhancing the biochemical pathway effect through which the chemotherapy works.
RECOMMENDATION: RASPBERRY IS RECOMMENDED OVER DATE FOR LEIOMYOSARCOMA ON TREATMENT WITH CHEMOTHERAPY FLUOROURACIL FOR SOME CONDITIONS.
Eat more nuts, Walnut or Pumpkin Seeds?
Nuts are an important part of many diets. The active ingredients contained in Walnut are Quercetin, Ellagic Acid, Betulinic Acid, Beta-sitosterol, Juglone among others. While the active ingredients contained in Pumpkin Seeds are Beta-sitosterol, Linolenic Acid, Cucurbitacin I, Gamma-linolenic Acid, Stigmasterol and others.
Ellagic Acid can manipulate biochemical pathways NFKB Signaling, Adherens junction and Microtubule Dynamics. Beta-sitosterol has biological action on biochemical pathways Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition, Oxidative Stress and DNA Repair.
Gamma-linolenic Acid can manipulate biochemical pathways Oxidative Stress. Lecithin has biological action on biochemical pathways NFKB Signaling, MYC Signaling and MAPK Signaling. And so on.
When treating Leiomyosarcoma with chemotherapy Fluorouracil – Foods like Walnut are recommended compared to Pumpkin Seeds. This is because the active ingredients Gamma-linolenic Acid and Lecithin in Pumpkin Seeds interferes with treatment action by canceling out the biochemical pathways through which the chemotherapy works. While the active ingredients Ellagic Acid and Beta-sitosterol contained in Walnut support the treatment action by enhancing the biochemical pathway effect through which the chemotherapy works.
RECOMMENDATION: WALNUT IS RECOMMENDED OVER PUMPKIN SEEDS FOR LEIOMYOSARCOMA ON TREATMENT WITH CHEMOTHERAPY FLUOROURACIL FOR SOME CONDITIONS.
Foods for Genetic Risk of Leiomyosarcoma
One of the ways to assess risk of cancer is by checking for presence of genetic abnormalities in a set of genes. There is prior information on a list of genes whose mutations and other aberrations can play a role in risk to different cancers. RB1 and RYR2 are two genes whose abnormalities are risk factors for Leiomyosarcoma. In such a cancer risk situation – while there are typically no treatments which a physician can prescribe – the various biochemical pathways which are potentially molecular drivers of Leiomyosarcoma can be used as a guide for coming up with a recommended personalized nutrition plan. For Leiomyosarcoma gene RB1 has causative impact on biological pathways like Cell Cycle Checkpoints, DNA Repair and Cell Cycle. And RYR2 has a causative impact on biological pathways like G-protein-coupled Receptor Signaling and G-protein-coupled Receptor Signaling. Foods and nutritional supplements which have molecular action to cancel out biochemical pathways effects of genes like RB1 and RYR2 should be included in a personalized nutrition plan. And those foods and supplements which promote the effects of genes RB1 and RYR2 should be avoided.
Eat more pulses, Scarlet Bean or Fava Bean?
The active ingredients contained in Scarlet Bean are Beta-sitosterol, Oleic Acid, Linolenic Acid, Vitamin C, Stigmasterol among others. While the active ingredients contained in Fava Bean are Daidzein, Quercetin, Beta-sitosterol, Oleic Acid, Linolenic Acid and others.
Beta-sitosterol can manipulate biochemical pathways Apoptosis, MYC Signaling and P53 Signaling. Vitamin C has biological action on biochemical pathways Cell Cycle Checkpoints, PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling and RAS-RAF Signaling.
Quercetin can manipulate biochemical pathways DNA Repair. Ferulic Acid has biological action on biochemical pathways DNA Repair. And so on.
For genetic risk of Leiomyosarcoma due to abnormalities in genes RB1 and RYR2 – Foods like Scarlet Bean are recommended compared to Fava Bean. This is because the active ingredients Quercetin and Ferulic Acid in Fava Bean further promote the effects of genes on the biochemical pathways. While the active ingredients Beta-sitosterol and Vitamin C contained in Scarlet Bean together have a canceling effect of genes on the biochemical pathways.
RECOMMENDATION: SCARLET BEAN IS RECOMMENDED OVER FAVA BEAN FOR REDUCING THE GENETIC RISK OF LEIOMYOSARCOMA DUE TO GENES RB1 AND RYR2
Eat more vegetables, Arugula or Celery?
The active ingredients contained in Arugula are Esculin, Kaempferol, Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Erysolin among others. While the active ingredients contained in Celery are Apigenin, Quercetin, Oleic Acid, Linolenic Acid, Vitamin C and others.
Kaempferol can manipulate biochemical pathways RAS-RAF Signaling, Cell Cycle Checkpoints and PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling. Vitamin K has biological action on biochemical pathways MYC Signaling, Cell Cycle Checkpoints and PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling.
Luteolin can manipulate biochemical pathways MYC Signaling. Chrysin has biological action on biochemical pathways MYC Signaling. And so on.
For genetic risk of Leiomyosarcoma due to abnormalities in genes RB1 and RYR2 – Foods like Arugula are recommended compared to Celery. This is because the active ingredients Luteolin and Chrysin in Celery further promote the effects of genes on the biochemical pathways. While the active ingredients Kaempferol and Vitamin K contained in Arugula together have a canceling effect of genes on the biochemical pathways.
RECOMMENDATION: ARUGULA IS RECOMMENDED OVER CELERY FOR REDUCING THE GENETIC RISK OF LEIOMYOSARCOMA DUE TO GENES RB1 AND RYR2
Foods to Eat After Cancer Diagnosis!
No two cancers are the same. Go beyond the common nutrition guidelines for everyone and make personalized decisions about food and supplements with confidence.
Eat more fruits, Feijoa or Blackberry?
The active ingredients contained in Feijoa are Lycopene, Vitamin C, Casuarinin, Folic Acid among others. While the active ingredients contained in Blackberry are Ellagic Acid, Quercetin, Hyperoside, Myricetin, Cianidanol and others.
Vitamin C can manipulate biochemical pathways Apoptosis, MYC Signaling and P53 Signaling. Lycopene has biological action on biochemical pathways Cell Cycle Checkpoints, PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling and RAS-RAF Signaling.
Scopoletin can manipulate biochemical pathways MYC Signaling. Quercetin has biological action on biochemical pathways DNA Repair. And so on.
For genetic risk of Leiomyosarcoma due to abnormalities in genes RB1 and RYR2 – Foods like Feijoa are recommended compared to Blackberry. This is because the active ingredients Scopoletin and Quercetin in Blackberry further promote the effects of genes on the biochemical pathways. While the active ingredients Vitamin C and Lycopene contained in Feijoa together have a canceling effect of genes on the biochemical pathways.
RECOMMENDATION: FEIJOA IS RECOMMENDED OVER BLACKBERRY FOR REDUCING THE GENETIC RISK OF LEIOMYOSARCOMA DUE TO GENES RB1 AND RYR2
Eat more nuts, Hazelnut or Brazil Nut?
The active ingredients contained in Hazelnut are Quercetin, Vitamin E, Oleic Acid, Linolenic Acid, Linoleic Acid among others. While the active ingredients contained in Brazil Nut are Vitamin E, Oleic Acid, Linolenic Acid, Lecithin, Folic Acid and others.
Vitamin E can manipulate biochemical pathways Apoptosis, MYC Signaling and P53 Signaling. Myricitrin has biological action on biochemical pathways PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling and MYC Signaling.
Lecithin can manipulate biochemical pathways MYC Signaling and PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling. Folic Acid has biological action on biochemical pathways Apoptosis, P53 Signaling and Cell Cycle Checkpoints. And so on.
For genetic risk of Leiomyosarcoma due to abnormalities in genes RB1 and RYR2 – Foods like Hazelnut are recommended compared to Brazil Nut. This is because the active ingredients Lecithin and Folic Acid in Brazil Nut further promote the effects of genes on the biochemical pathways. While the active ingredients Vitamin E and Myricitrin contained in Hazelnut together have a canceling effect of genes on the biochemical pathways.
RECOMMENDATION: HAZELNUT IS RECOMMENDED OVER BRAZIL NUT FOR REDUCING THE GENETIC RISK OF LEIOMYOSARCOMA DUE TO GENES RB1 AND RYR2
In Summary
An important thing to remember is that cancer treatments may not be the same for everyone – and neither should your nutrition be. Nutrition which includes food and nutritional supplements is a very effective tool controlled by you.
“What should I eat?” is the most frequently asked question in the context of cancer. The answer calculation is complex and depends upon cancer type, underlying genomics, current treatments, any allergies, lifestyle information, and factors like BMI.
The addon personalized nutrition plan recommends foods and supplements which minimizes adverse nutrition interactions and encourages support to treatments.
You can get started NOW and design a personalized nutrition plan for Leiomyosarcoma by answering questions on type of cancer, current treatments, supplements, allergies, age group, gender, and lifestyle information.
What food you eat and which supplements you take is a decision you make. Your decision should include consideration of the cancer gene mutations, which cancer, ongoing treatments and supplements, any allergies, lifestyle information, weight, height and habits.
The nutrition planning for cancer from addon is not based on internet searches. It automates the decision making for you based on molecular science implemented by our scientists and software engineers. Irrespective of whether you care to understand the underlying biochemical molecular pathways or not - for nutrition planning for cancer that understanding is needed.
Get started NOW with your nutrition planning by answering questions on the name of cancer, genetic mutations, ongoing treatments and supplements, any allergies, habits, lifestyle, age group and gender.
References
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- HyperFoods: Machine intelligent mapping of cancer-beating molecules in foods.
Personalized Nutrition for Cancer!
Cancer changes with time. Customize and modify your nutrition based on cancer indication, treatments, lifestyle, food preferences, allergies and other factors.