Highlights
No two cancers are the same, nor are they treated the same, and neither should nutrition be the same for everyone. Nutrition includes foods like pulses, vegetables, fruits, nuts, oils, herbs and spices. Also nutrition includes supplements which are high concentrations of foods or high concentrations of individual ingredients found in foods. For cancers like Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia when undergoing chemotherapy or when you determine you have a genetic risk for developing Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia because of IGF1R and MAP3K1 gene mutations, a very important question is “What foods should I avoid and what foods are recommended specifically for me?”. The other related question is “What nutritional supplements should I avoid?”.
There is no one answer to this question for cancers such as Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia which can be found through internet searches. The answer to the question is “It Depends” because the nutrition plan needs to be personalized for you. Nutrition should depend on the cancer indication, genetic information, adult or pediatric, staging, primary or secondary, advanced, metastatic, relapsed or refractory, ongoing treatments if any, nutritional supplements being taken, age and factors like gender, weight, height, lifestyle, allergies and food preferences.
In short – the process to answer questions like “Should I Avoid eating fruit Cherry” or “Include fruit Gooseberry in my diet” or “Should I reduce consumption of vegetable Japanese Pumpkin” or “Can I take Eleuthero and Black Seed supplements” is not as simple as internet searches. The process is very complex and answers are based on knowhow of genetics, action of treatments, active ingredients in foods and their associated biological action. Finally the answer to the nutrition question needs to be personalized for you.
RECOMMENDATION: PERSONALIZE YOUR FOODS AND SUPPLEMENTS TO WALDENSTROM MACROGLOBULINEMIA, TREATMENTS, GENETIC INFORMATION, AND OTHER CONDITIONS.
The overall objective of personalized nutrition for Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia is to minimize foods and nutritional supplements which have adverse interactions with cancer molecular drivers and ongoing treatments. And identify those foods and supplements which have a beneficial action. Whenever there are changes in treatments or diagnosis – it is important to remember that your foods and supplements need re-evaluation. And the answers to the nutrition question could be different based on the new context.
RECOMMENDATION: UPDATE YOUR NUTRITION FOR WALDENSTROM MACROGLOBULINEMIA, WHEN TREATMENTS, DISEASE STATUS AND OTHER CONDITIONS CHANGE.
About Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia
cBioPortal is one source of collection of cancer patient data from clinical trials across 350 plus cancer indications. The data from each clinical trial includes the clinical trial name and study details like number of patients, ages, gender, ethnicity, treatments, tumor site, genetic aberrations found and analysis of all the data. The cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics was originally developed at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK). The public cBioPortal site is hosted by the Center for Molecular Oncology at MSK – https://www.cbioportal.org/about.
Following key highlights are derived from clinical data for Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia from cBioPortal. From a patient sample size of 1; the top genes with mutations and other abnormalities for Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia include genes ARID1A, IGF1R, MAP3K1 and MYD88. The occurrence frequency distribution for these genes respectively is 100.0%, 100.0%, 100.0% and 100.0%. These tumor genetic details of Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia are mapped to molecular biochemical pathway drivers of cancer thereby providing definition of characteristic features of Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia.
Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia is a rare, chronic blood disorder that affects white blood cells (lymphocytes). It is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It is also called lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. It is a rare, slow growing blood cancer which is characterized by the presence of high levels of a macroglobulin (immunoglobin M [IgM]. The M protein thickens the blood, affecting the flow of blood through the tiny blood vessels, a rare condition unique to Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia called the hyper viscosity syndrome. The viscous serum can sometimes cause tears in the tiny blood vessels, causing nose, gums, or the retinas in the eyes to ooze blood. In addition, the bone marrow keeps filling up with the abnormal cells and crowding out the normal blood cells leading to reduced functional red blood cells, neutrophils and platelets and causing cytopenic conditions such as anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia. These conditions effect the body’s ability to fight infection, and to bleed and bruise more easily. Symptoms of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia include fatigue, fever, loss of appetite, night sweats, weakness, nosebleeds, blurred vision, enlarged liver or spleen and swollen lymph nodes. One of the key underlying causes for Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia in 90% of the diagnosed patients is a mutation in the gene MYD88. The 5-year survival rate for patients diagnosed with this condition is 78% (American Cancer Society, 2022). Treatment options for Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia include plasmapheresis (plasma exchange), chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, radiation therapy and stem cell or bone marrow transplant. Additionally, the right nutrition (foods and natural supplements) aligned to cancer stage and treatment context can enhance patients’ well-being. (Ref: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/207097-overview; https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17951-waldenstrom-macroglobulinemia; https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/waldenstrom-macroglobulinemia/symptoms-causes/syc-20359967)
Significance of Nutrition for Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia
All foods and nutritional supplements consist of a collection of one or more active chemical ingredients in different proportions and quantities. The action of some active ingredients in a food can have adverse interactions while other active ingredients in the same food may be supportive from the context of Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia. Hence the same food has good and not-so-good actions and analysis of combined effect will be needed to come up with a personalized nutrition plan.
For example Cherry includes active ingredients Chlorogenic Acid, Genistein, Chrysin, Isorhamnetin, Kaempferide and others. And Gooseberry contains active ingredients Gallic Acid, Modified Citrus Pectin, Rutin, Linolenic Acid, Linoleic Acid and others. It is likely that some of these active ingredients of the same food could have opposing effects and hence it is recommended to identify recommended foods based on analysis of all high quantity ingredients contained in foods.
For cancers like Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia, activation or inhibition of selected biochemical pathways like NFKB Signaling, Chromatin Remodeling, Growth Factor Signaling, MAPK Signaling plays an important role in driving cancer growth. Similarly different treatments work via different molecular actions which should never be canceled out by your foods and supplements. The foods and nutritional supplements contain different active ingredients each of which have a specific molecular action on different biochemical pathways. Hence, eating some foods and nutritional supplements would be recommended with a specific treatment of Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia, while eating some other foods and supplements may not be recommended.
One common mistake when finding foods to eat or not – is to consider only a few active ingredients contained in foods based on internet searches and ignore the rest. Because different active ingredients contained in foods may have opposing effects on relevant biochemical pathways – it is recommended to consider all the high quantity active ingredients that are present in significant and much larger than trace amounts in the food.
RECOMMENDATION: TO FIND RECOMMENDED AND NON-RECOMMENDED FOODS FOR WALDENSTROM MACROGLOBULINEMIA – CONSIDER HIGH QUANTITY ACTIVE INGREDIENTS CONTAINED IN FOODS.
Foods for Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia undergoing chemotherapy treatment
In Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia – the genes ARID1A, IGF1R, MAP3K1 and MYD88 have high occurrences of genomic abnormalities. Not all of these genes necessarily are relevant for cancer – though they have been reported. Some of these genes directly or indirectly end up manipulating different cancer related biochemical biological pathways. Some of the pathways which are relevant drivers for Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia are NFKB Signaling and others. Ibrutinib is one of the chemotherapies used for cancer treatment. The intent of treatment is to negate or cancel out effects of biochemical pathway drivers NFKB Signaling so as to reduce disease progression and inhibit growth. Those foods whose combined action of active ingredients support treatment action and do not enhance disease drivers are recommended foods and supplements which will be included in personalized nutrition. And similarly – those foods whose combined action of active ingredients is not supportive of treatment action but end up promoting disease drives will not be recommended in your personalized nutrition plan.
RECOMMENDATION: AVOID SUPPLEMENTS AND FOODS WHICH ARE NOT SUPPORTIVE OF CANCER TREATMENT ACTION AND RATHER ENHANCE DISEASE DRIVERS.
Eat more pulses, Moth Bean?
Pulses are an important part of many diets. The active ingredients contained in Moth Bean are Linolenic Acid, Linoleic Acid, Beta-sitosterol, Vitamin A among others.
Beta-sitosterol can manipulate biochemical pathways NFKB Signaling. Vitamin A has biological action on biochemical pathways NFKB Signaling.
When treating Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia with chemotherapy Ibrutinib – Foods like Moth Bean are recommended. This is because the active ingredients Beta-sitosterol and Vitamin A contained in Moth Bean support the treatment action by enhancing the biochemical pathway effect through which the chemotherapy works.
RECOMMENDATION: MOTH BEAN IS RECOMMENDED FOR WALDENSTROM MACROGLOBULINEMIA ON TREATMENT WITH CHEMOTHERAPY IBRUTINIB FOR SOME CONDITIONS.
Eat more vegetables, Burdock or Japanese Pumpkin?
Vegetables are an important part of many diets. The active ingredients contained in Burdock are Chlorogenic Acid, Linolenic Acid, Arctigenin, Caffeic Acid, Dehydrocostus Lactone among others. While the active ingredients contained in Japanese Pumpkin are Myristic Acid, Vitamin E, Beta-sitosterol, Vitamin A, Lauric Acid and others.
Chlorogenic Acid can manipulate biochemical pathways NFKB Signaling. Caffeic Acid has biological action on biochemical pathways NFKB Signaling.
Palmitic Acid can manipulate biochemical pathways NFKB Signaling. Lauric Acid has biological action on biochemical pathways NFKB Signaling. And so on.
When treating Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia with chemotherapy Ibrutinib – Foods like Burdock are recommended compared to Japanese Pumpkin. This is because the active ingredients Palmitic Acid and Lauric Acid in Japanese Pumpkin interferes with treatment action by canceling out the biochemical pathways through which the chemotherapy works. While the active ingredients Chlorogenic Acid and Caffeic Acid contained in Burdock support the treatment action by enhancing the biochemical pathway effect through which the chemotherapy works.
RECOMMENDATION: BURDOCK IS RECOMMENDED OVER JAPANESE PUMPKIN FOR WALDENSTROM MACROGLOBULINEMIA ON TREATMENT WITH CHEMOTHERAPY IBRUTINIB FOR SOME CONDITIONS.
Eat more fruits, Gooseberry or Cherry?
Fruits are an important part of many diets. The active ingredients contained in Gooseberry are Gallic Acid, Modified Citrus Pectin, Rutin, Linolenic Acid, Linoleic Acid among others. While the active ingredients contained in Cherry are Chlorogenic Acid, Genistein, Chrysin, Isorhamnetin, Kaempferide and others.
Gallic Acid can manipulate biochemical pathways NFKB Signaling. Modified Citrus Pectin has biological action on biochemical pathways NFKB Signaling.
Shikimic Acid can manipulate biochemical pathways NFKB Signaling. Pelargonidin has biological action on biochemical pathways NFKB Signaling. And so on.
When treating Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia with chemotherapy Ibrutinib – Foods like Gooseberry are recommended compared to Cherry. This is because the active ingredients Shikimic Acid and Pelargonidin in Cherry interferes with treatment action by canceling out the biochemical pathways through which the chemotherapy works. While the active ingredients Gallic Acid and Modified Citrus Pectin contained in Gooseberry support the treatment action by enhancing the biochemical pathway effect through which the chemotherapy works.
RECOMMENDATION: GOOSEBERRY IS RECOMMENDED OVER CHERRY FOR WALDENSTROM MACROGLOBULINEMIA ON TREATMENT WITH CHEMOTHERAPY IBRUTINIB FOR SOME CONDITIONS.
Eat more nuts, Chestnut or Pumpkin Seeds?
Nuts are an important part of many diets. The active ingredients contained in Chestnut are Gallic Acid, Linolenic Acid, Quercetin, Linoleic Acid, Ellagic Acid among others. While the active ingredients contained in Pumpkin Seeds are Linolenic Acid, Linoleic Acid, Salicylic Acid, Beta-sitosterol, Gamma-linolenic Acid and others.
Gallic Acid can manipulate biochemical pathways NFKB Signaling. Ellagic Acid has biological action on biochemical pathways NFKB Signaling.
Lecithin can manipulate biochemical pathways NFKB Signaling. Cucurbitacin I has biological action on biochemical pathways NFKB Signaling. And so on.
When treating Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia with chemotherapy Ibrutinib – Foods like Chestnut are recommended compared to Pumpkin Seeds. This is because the active ingredients Lecithin and Cucurbitacin I in Pumpkin Seeds interferes with treatment action by canceling out the biochemical pathways through which the chemotherapy works. While the active ingredients Gallic Acid and Ellagic Acid contained in Chestnut support the treatment action by enhancing the biochemical pathway effect through which the chemotherapy works.
RECOMMENDATION: CHESTNUT IS RECOMMENDED OVER PUMPKIN SEEDS FOR WALDENSTROM MACROGLOBULINEMIA ON TREATMENT WITH CHEMOTHERAPY IBRUTINIB FOR SOME CONDITIONS.
Foods for Genetic Risk of Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia
One of the ways to assess risk of cancer is by checking for presence of genetic abnormalities in a set of genes. There is prior information on a list of genes whose mutations and other aberrations can play a role in risk to different cancers. IGF1R and MAP3K1 are two genes whose abnormalities are risk factors for Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia. In such a cancer risk situation – while there are typically no treatments which a physician can prescribe – the various biochemical pathways which are potentially molecular drivers of Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia can be used as a guide for coming up with a recommended personalized nutrition plan. For Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia gene IGF1R has causative impact on biological pathways like Growth Factor Signaling, PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling and RAS-RAF Signaling. And MAP3K1 has a causative impact on biological pathways like MAPK Signaling, Angiogenesis and Growth Factor Signaling. Foods and nutritional supplements which have molecular action to cancel out biochemical pathways effects of genes like IGF1R and MAP3K1 should be included in a personalized nutrition plan. And those foods and supplements which promote the effects of genes IGF1R and MAP3K1 should be avoided.
Eat more pulses, Winged Bean or Yellow Wax Bean?
The active ingredients contained in Winged Bean are Betulinic Acid, Oleic Acid, Linolenic Acid, Vitamin C, Linoleic Acid among others. While the active ingredients contained in Yellow Wax Bean are Cianidanol, Vitamin C, Ferulic Acid, Palmitic Acid, Butyric Acid and others.
Betulinic Acid can manipulate biochemical pathways MAPK Signaling, Cell Cycle Checkpoints and P53 Signaling. Vitamin C has biological action on biochemical pathways MYC Signaling, PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling and Growth Factor Signaling.
Palmitic Acid can manipulate biochemical pathways MAPK Signaling, Growth Factor Signaling and Chromatin Remodeling. Ferulic Acid has biological action on biochemical pathways Growth Factor Signaling. And so on.
For genetic risk of Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia due to abnormalities in genes IGF1R and MAP3K1 – Foods like Winged Bean are recommended compared to Yellow Wax Bean. This is because the active ingredients Palmitic Acid and Ferulic Acid in Yellow Wax Bean further promote the effects of genes on the biochemical pathways. While the active ingredients Betulinic Acid and Vitamin C contained in Winged Bean together have a canceling effect of genes on the biochemical pathways.
RECOMMENDATION: WINGED BEAN IS RECOMMENDED OVER YELLOW WAX BEAN FOR REDUCING THE GENETIC RISK OF WALDENSTROM MACROGLOBULINEMIA DUE TO GENES IGF1R AND MAP3K1
Eat more vegetables, Cassava or Parsnip?
The active ingredients contained in Cassava are Oleic Acid, Linolenic Acid, Beta-sitosterol, Vitamin C, Linoleic Acid among others. While the active ingredients contained in Parsnip are Quercetin, Oleic Acid, Linolenic Acid, Vitamin C, Psoralen and others.
Vitamin C can manipulate biochemical pathways MAPK Signaling, Cell Cycle Checkpoints and P53 Signaling. Beta-sitosterol has biological action on biochemical pathways MYC Signaling, PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling and Apoptosis.
Ferulic Acid can manipulate biochemical pathways Growth Factor Signaling. Linoleic Acid has biological action on biochemical pathways Growth Factor Signaling. And so on.
For genetic risk of Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia due to abnormalities in genes IGF1R and MAP3K1 – Foods like Cassava are recommended compared to Parsnip. This is because the active ingredients Ferulic Acid and Linoleic Acid in Parsnip further promote the effects of genes on the biochemical pathways. While the active ingredients Vitamin C and Beta-sitosterol contained in Cassava together have a canceling effect of genes on the biochemical pathways.
RECOMMENDATION: CASSAVA IS RECOMMENDED OVER PARSNIP FOR REDUCING THE GENETIC RISK OF WALDENSTROM MACROGLOBULINEMIA DUE TO GENES IGF1R AND MAP3K1
Foods to Eat After Cancer Diagnosis!
No two cancers are the same. Go beyond the common nutrition guidelines for everyone and make personalized decisions about food and supplements with confidence.
Eat more fruits, Currant or Huckleberry?
The active ingredients contained in Currant are Quercetin, Cianidanol, Delphinidin, Oleic Acid, Linolenic Acid among others. While the active ingredients contained in Huckleberry are Quercetin, Delphinidin, Resveratrol, Vitamin C, P-coumaric Acid and others.
Cianidanol can manipulate biochemical pathways MAPK Signaling, Cell Cycle Checkpoints and P53 Signaling. Delphinidin has biological action on biochemical pathways MYC Signaling, Growth Factor Signaling and PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling.
Resveratrol can manipulate biochemical pathways P53 Signaling. Ferulic Acid has biological action on biochemical pathways Growth Factor Signaling. And so on.
For genetic risk of Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia due to abnormalities in genes IGF1R and MAP3K1 – Foods like Currant are recommended compared to Huckleberry. This is because the active ingredients Resveratrol and Ferulic Acid in Huckleberry further promote the effects of genes on the biochemical pathways. While the active ingredients Cianidanol and Delphinidin contained in Currant together have a canceling effect of genes on the biochemical pathways.
RECOMMENDATION: CURRANT IS RECOMMENDED OVER HUCKLEBERRY FOR REDUCING THE GENETIC RISK OF WALDENSTROM MACROGLOBULINEMIA DUE TO GENES IGF1R AND MAP3K1
Eat more nuts, Almond or Macadamia Nut?
The active ingredients contained in Almond are Quercetin, Vitamin E, Oleic Acid, Linolenic Acid, Beta-sitosterol among others. While the active ingredients contained in Macadamia Nut are Beta-sitosterol, Palmitic Acid, Lauric Acid, Myristic Acid, Folic Acid and others.
Beta-sitosterol can manipulate biochemical pathways Cell Cycle Checkpoints, P53 Signaling and MYC Signaling. Quercetin has biological action on biochemical pathways MAPK Signaling, PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling and Growth Factor Signaling.
Palmitic Acid can manipulate biochemical pathways MAPK Signaling, Growth Factor Signaling and Chromatin Remodeling. Lauric Acid has biological action on biochemical pathways MYC Signaling, PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling and MAPK Signaling. And so on.
For genetic risk of Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia due to abnormalities in genes IGF1R and MAP3K1 – Foods like Almond are recommended compared to Macadamia Nut. This is because the active ingredients Palmitic Acid and Lauric Acid in Macadamia Nut further promote the effects of genes on the biochemical pathways. While the active ingredients Beta-sitosterol and Quercetin contained in Almond together have a canceling effect of genes on the biochemical pathways.
RECOMMENDATION: ALMOND IS RECOMMENDED OVER MACADAMIA NUT FOR REDUCING THE GENETIC RISK OF WALDENSTROM MACROGLOBULINEMIA DUE TO GENES IGF1R AND MAP3K1
In Summary
An important thing to remember is that cancer treatments may not be the same for everyone – and neither should your nutrition be. Nutrition which includes food and nutritional supplements is a very effective tool controlled by you.
“What should I eat?” is the most frequently asked question in the context of cancer. The answer calculation is complex and depends upon cancer type, underlying genomics, current treatments, any allergies, lifestyle information, and factors like BMI.
The addon personalized nutrition plan recommends foods and supplements which minimizes adverse nutrition interactions and encourages support to treatments.
You can get started NOW and design a personalized nutrition plan for Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia by answering questions on type of cancer, current treatments, supplements, allergies, age group, gender, and lifestyle information.
What food you eat and which supplements you take is a decision you make. Your decision should include consideration of the cancer gene mutations, which cancer, ongoing treatments and supplements, any allergies, lifestyle information, weight, height and habits.
The nutrition planning for cancer from addon is not based on internet searches. It automates the decision making for you based on molecular science implemented by our scientists and software engineers. Irrespective of whether you care to understand the underlying biochemical molecular pathways or not - for nutrition planning for cancer that understanding is needed.
Get started NOW with your nutrition planning by answering questions on the name of cancer, genetic mutations, ongoing treatments and supplements, any allergies, habits, lifestyle, age group and gender.
References
- Msk Impact 2017
- Mutational landscape of metastatic cancer revealed from prospective clinical sequencing of 10,000 patients.
- Extract from Mulberry (Morus australis) leaf decelerate acetaminophen induced hepatic inflammation involving downregulation of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) signals.
- Modified citrus pectin ameliorates myocardial fibrosis and inflammation via suppressing galectin-3 and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.
- Shikimic acid promotes estrogen receptor(ER)-positive breast cancer cells proliferation via activation of NF-κB signaling.
- Pelargonidin suppresses adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells through inhibition of PPAR-γ signaling pathway.
- Chlorogenic-induced inhibition of non-small cancer cells occurs through regulation of histone deacetylase 6.
- Downregulation of inflammatory responses by novel caffeic acid ester derivative by inhibiting NF-kappa B.
- Functional lipidomics: Palmitic acid impairs hepatocellular carcinoma development by modulating membrane fluidity and glucose metabolism.
- Activation of the NF-κB pathway by the STAT3 inhibitor JSI-124 in human glioblastoma cells.
- Betulinic acid induces DNA damage and apoptosis in SiHa cells.
- Vitamin C enhances epigenetic modifications induced by 5-azacytidine and cell cycle arrest in the hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines HLE and Huh7.
- Modulation of HER2 expression by ferulic acid on human breast cancer MCF7 cells.
- Cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction in human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells by (+)-cyanidan-3-ol.
- Delphinidin inhibits a broad spectrum of receptor tyrosine kinases of the ErbB and VEGFR family.
- Resveratrol, a remarkable inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase.
- β-Sitosterol targets Trx/Trx1 reductase to induce apoptosis in A549 cells via ROS mediated mitochondrial dysregulation and p53 activation.
- Role of phospholipase D in migration and invasion induced by linoleic acid in breast cancer cells.
- Crystal structure of a human cyclin-dependent kinase 6 complex with a flavonol inhibitor, fisetin.
- Clinical pharmacodynamics of antihistamines.
- Pectin and Pectin-Based Composite Materials: Beyond Food Texture.
- HyperFoods: Machine intelligent mapping of cancer-beating molecules in foods.
Personalized Nutrition for Cancer!
Cancer changes with time. Customize and modify your nutrition based on cancer indication, treatments, lifestyle, food preferences, allergies and other factors.