Foods for Adamantinoma!

Introduction 

Foods for Adamantinoma should be personalized for each individual and also must adapt when cancer treatment or tumor genetic change. The personalization and adaptation must consider all the active ingredients or bioactives contained in different foods with respect to cancer tissue biology, genetics, treatments, lifestyle conditions and diet preferences. Hence while nutrition is one of the very important decisions for a cancer patient and individual at risk of cancer to make – how to choose foods to eat is not an easy task. 

Adamantinoma, a rare type of cancer often occurring in the shin bone, presents unique challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Radiology plays a crucial role in identifying the characteristic appearance of adamantinoma, with pathology outlines further aiding in distinguishing it from similar conditions like adamantinoma-like Ewing sarcoma. Patients typically experience symptoms such as a palpable lump and pain in the affected area, with images and pictures providing visual cues for recognition. Orthobullets, an orthopedic education resource, offers comprehensive information on adamantinoma, including its clinical presentation and management. Treatment usually involves surgical intervention, with the approach depending on the tumor’s size and location. The sharing of adamantinoma cases and experiences on platforms like Reddit highlights the importance of community awareness and support for those affected by this rare disease. Despite its rarity, understanding the signs and treatment options of adamantinoma is crucial for early detection and effective management.

For Adamantinoma does it matter what vegetables, fruits, nuts, seeds one eats?

A very common nutrition question asked by cancer patients and individuals at-genetic risk of cancer is – for cancers like Adamantinoma does it matter what foods I eat and which I do not? Or if I follow a plant-based diet is that enough for cancer like Adamantinoma?

For example does it matter if vegetable Giant Butterbur is consumed more compared to Lambsquarters? Does it make any difference if fruit Grapefruit is preferred over Black Chokeberry? Also if similar choices are made for nuts/seeds like Macadamia Nut over Chia and for pulses like Black-eyed Pea over Lima Bean. And if what I eat matters – then how does one identify foods which are recommended for Adamantinoma and is it the same answer for everyone with the same diagnosis or genetic risk? 

Yes! Foods you eat matters for Adamantinoma!

Yes, what foods you eat matters for Adamantinoma. Food recommendations may not be the same for everyone and can be different even for the same diagnosis and genetic risk.

All foods (vegetables, fruits, nuts, seeds, pulses, oils etc.) and nutritional supplements are made up of more than one active molecular ingredient or bio-actives in different proportions and quantities. Each active ingredient has a unique mechanism of action – which can be activation or inhibition of different biochemical pathways. Simply stated foods and supplements which are recommended are those which do not cause an increase of molecular drivers of cancer but reduce them. Else those foods should not be recommended. Foods contain multiple active ingredients – hence when evaluating foods and supplements you need to consider the impact of all active ingredients cumulatively rather than individually. 

For example Grapefruit contains active ingredients Eugenol, Beta-sitosterol, Umbelliferone, Lupeol, Phloretin. And Black Chokeberry contains active ingredients Isorhamnetin, Beta-sitosterol, Eugenol, Caffeic Acid, Umbelliferone and possibly others. 

A common mistake made when deciding and choosing foods to eat for Adamantinoma – is to evaluate only selected active ingredients contained in foods and ignore the rest. Because different active ingredients contained in foods may have opposing effects on cancer drivers – you cannot cherry pick active ingredients in foods and supplements for making a nutrition decision for Adamantinoma. 

YES – FOOD CHOICES MATTER FOR CANCER. NUTRITION DECISIONS MUST CONSIDER ALL ACTIVE INGREDIENTS OF FOODS.

Skills Needed for Nutrition Personalization for Adamantinoma?

Personalized nutrition for cancers like Adamantinoma consists of recommended foods / supplements; not recommended foods / supplements with example recipes which prioritize use of recommended foods. An example of personalized nutrition can be seen at this link.

Deciding which foods are recommended or not is extremely complicated, requiring expertise in Adamantinoma biology, food science, genetics, biochemistry along with good understanding of how cancer treatments work and associated vulnerabilities by which the treatments could stop being effective.

MINIMUM KNOWLEDGE EXPERTISE  NEEDED FOR NUTRITION PERSONALIZATION FOR CANCER ARE: CANCER BIOLOGY, FOOD SCIENCE,  CANCER TREATMENTS AND GENETICS.

Characteristics of cancers like Adamantinoma

All cancers like Adamantinoma can be characterized by a unique set of biochemical pathways – the signature pathways of Adamantinoma. Biochemical pathways like Chromatin Remodeling, Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition, Notch Signaling, Oxidative Stress are part of the signature definition of Adamantinoma. Each individual’s cancer genetics can be different and hence their specific cancer signature could be unique.

The treatments which are effective for Adamantinoma need to be cognizant of the associated signature biochemical pathways for each cancer patient and individual at genetic risk. Therefore different treatments with different mechanisms of actions are effective for different patients. Similarly and for the same reasons foods and supplements need to be personalized for each individual. Hence some foods and supplements are recommended for Adamantinoma when taking cancer treatment Radiation, and some foods and supplements are not recommended.

Sources like cBioPortal and many others provide population representative patient anonymized data from clinical trials for all cancer indications. This data consists of clinical trial study details like sample size / number of patients, age groups, gender, ethnicity, treatments, tumor site and any genetic mutations. 

FZD1, BMPR2, PI4KB, MAP3K21 and KDM6A are the top ranked reported genes for Adamantinoma. FZD1 is reported in 20.0 % of the representative patients across all clinical trials. And BMPR2 is reported in 20.0 %. The combined population patient data cover ages from  to . 60.0 % of the patient data are identified as men. The Adamantinoma biology along with reported genetics together define the population represented signature biochemical pathways for this cancer. If the individual cancer tumor genetics or genes contributing to the risk are also known then that should also be used for nutrition personalization.

NUTRITION CHOICES SHOULD MATCH WITH EACH INDIVIDUAL’S CANCER SIGNATURE.

Food and Supplements for Adamantinoma

For Cancer Patients

Cancer patients on treatment or on palliative care need to make decisions on food and supplements – for the needed dietary calories, for managing any treatment side effects and also for improved cancer management. All plant-based foods are not equal and choosing and prioritizing foods which are personalized and customized to ongoing cancer treatment is important and complicated. Here are some examples providing guidelines for making nutrition decisions.  

Choose Vegetable GIANT BUTTERBUR or LAMBSQUARTERS?

Vegetable Giant Butterbur contains many active ingredients or bioactives such as Myricetin, Eugenol, Beta-sitosterol, Caffeic Acid, Umbelliferone. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition, Chromatin Remodeling and Oxidative Stress and others. Giant Butterbur is recommended for Adamantinoma when ongoing cancer treatment is Radiation. This is because Giant Butterbur modifies those biochemical pathways which have been scientifically reported to sensitize the effect of Radiation.

Some of the active ingredients or bioactives in vegetable Lambsquarters are Myricetin, Eugenol, Beta-sitosterol, Caffeic Acid, Umbelliferone. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like Chromatin Remodeling and Oxidative Stress and others. Lambsquarters is not recommended for Adamantinoma when ongoing cancer treatment is Radiation because it modifies those biochemical pathways which make the cancer treatment resistant or less responsive.

VEGETABLE GIANT BUTTERBUR IS RECOMMENDED OVER LAMBSQUARTERS FOR Adamantinoma AND TREATMENT Radiation.

Choose Fruit BLACK CHOKEBERRY or GRAPEFRUIT?

Fruit Black Chokeberry contains many active ingredients or bioactives such as Isorhamnetin, Beta-sitosterol, Eugenol, Caffeic Acid, Umbelliferone. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition, Chromatin Remodeling and Oxidative Stress and others. Black Chokeberry is recommended for Adamantinoma when ongoing cancer treatment is Radiation. This is because Black Chokeberry modifies those biochemical pathways which have been scientifically reported to sensitize the effect of Radiation.

Some of the active ingredients or bioactives in fruit Grapefruit are Eugenol, Beta-sitosterol, Umbelliferone, Lupeol, Phloretin. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like Oxidative Stress and others. Grapefruit is not recommended for Adamantinoma when ongoing cancer treatment is Radiation because it modifies those biochemical pathways which make the cancer treatment resistant or less responsive.

FRUIT BLACK CHOKEBERRY IS RECOMMENDED OVER GRAPEFRUIT FOR Adamantinoma AND TREATMENT Radiation.

Choose Nut MACADAMIA NUT or CHIA?

Macadamia Nut contains many active ingredients or bioactives such as Myricetin, Eugenol, Beta-sitosterol, Caffeic Acid, Umbelliferone. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition, Chromatin Remodeling and Oxidative Stress and others. Macadamia Nut is recommended for Adamantinoma when ongoing cancer treatment is Radiation. This is because Macadamia Nut modifies those biochemical pathways which have been scientifically reported to sensitize the effect of Radiation.

Some of the active ingredients or bioactives in Chia are Myricetin, Beta-sitosterol, Eugenol, Caffeic Acid, Umbelliferone. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like Oxidative Stress and others. Chia is not recommended for Adamantinoma when ongoing cancer treatment is Radiation because it modifies those biochemical pathways which make the cancer treatment resistant or less responsive.

MACADAMIA NUT IS RECOMMENDED OVER CHIA FOR Adamantinoma AND TREATMENT Radiation.

For Individuals with Genetic Risk of Cancer

The question asked by individuals who have genetic risk of Adamantinoma or familial history is “What Should I Eat Differently from Before?” and how they should choose foods and supplements to manage risks of the disease. Since for cancer risk there is nothing actionable in terms of treatment – decisions of foods and supplements become important and one of the very few actionable things which can be done. All plant-based foods are not equal and based on identified genetics and Adamantinoma pathway signature – the choices of food and supplements should be personalized. 

Choose Vegetable WILD CARROT or TURNIP?

Vegetable Wild Carrot contains many active ingredients or bioactives such as Curcumin, Apigenin, Daidzein, Lupeol, Linalool. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like MYC Signaling, Cell Cycle Checkpoints, WNT Beta Catenin Signaling and Apoptosis and others. Wild Carrot is recommended for risk of Adamantinoma when associated genetic risk is BMPR2. This is because Wild Carrot increases those biochemical pathways which counteract the signature drivers of Adamantinoma.

Some of the active ingredients or bioactives in vegetable Turnip are Curcumin, Daidzein, Lupeol, Quercetin, Formononetin. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like WNT Beta Catenin Signaling and PI3K-AKT-MTOR Signaling and others. Turnip is not recommended when risk of Adamantinoma when associated genetic risk is BMPR2 because it increases the signature pathways of Adamantinoma.

VEGETABLE WILD CARROT IS RECOMMENDED OVER TURNIP FOR BMPR2 GENETIC RISK OF CANCER.

Choose Fruit NANCE or RED HUCKLEBERRY?

Fruit Nance contains many active ingredients or bioactives such as Curcumin, Apigenin, Daidzein, Lupeol, Formononetin. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like MYC Signaling, Cell Cycle Checkpoints, WNT Beta Catenin Signaling and TGFB Signaling and others. Nance is recommended for risk of Adamantinoma when associated genetic risk is BMPR2. This is because Nance increases those biochemical pathways which counteract the signature drivers of Adamantinoma.

Some of the active ingredients or bioactives in fruit Red Huckleberry are Curcumin, Apigenin, Daidzein, Lupeol, Formononetin. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like Cell Cycle Checkpoints, WNT Beta Catenin Signaling and TGFB Signaling and others. Red Huckleberry is not recommended when risk of Adamantinoma when associated genetic risk is BMPR2 because it increases the signature pathways of Adamantinoma.

FRUIT NANCE IS RECOMMENDED OVER RED HUCKLEBERRY FOR BMPR2 GENETIC RISK OF CANCER.

Choose Nut BUTTERNUT or EUROPEAN CHESTNUT?

Butternut contains many active ingredients or bioactives such as Curcumin, Apigenin, Daidzein, Lupeol, Formononetin. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like P53 Signaling, MYC Signaling, Cell Cycle Checkpoints and WNT Beta Catenin Signaling and others. Butternut is recommended for risk of Adamantinoma when associated genetic risk is BMPR2. This is because Butternut increases those biochemical pathways which counteract the signature drivers of Adamantinoma.

Some of the active ingredients or bioactives in European Chestnut are Curcumin, Apigenin, Daidzein, Lupeol, Quercetin. These active ingredients manipulate various biochemical pathways like WNT Beta Catenin Signaling and TGFB Signaling and others. European Chestnut is not recommended when risk of Adamantinoma when associated genetic risk is BMPR2 because it increases the signature pathways of Adamantinoma.

BUTTERNUT IS RECOMMENDED OVER EUROPEAN CHESTNUT FOR BMPR2 GENETIC RISK OF CANCER.

In Conclusion

Foods and Supplements chosen are important decisions for cancers like Adamantinoma. Adamantinoma patients and individuals with genetic-risk always have this question: “What foods and nutritional supplements are recommended for me and which are not?” There is a common belief which is a misconception that all plant-based foods could be beneficial or not but would not be harmful. Certain foods and supplements can interfere with cancer treatments or promote molecular pathway drivers of cancer.

There are different types of cancer indications like Adamantinoma, each with different tumor genetics with further genomic variations across each individual. Further every cancer treatment and chemotherapy has a unique mechanism of action. Each food like Giant Butterbur contains various bioactives in different quantities, which have an impact on different and distinct sets of biochemical pathways. The definition of personalized nutrition is individualized food recommendations for the cancer indication, treatments, genetics, lifestyle and other factors. Nutrition personalization decisions for cancer require knowledge of cancer biology, food science and an understanding of different chemotherapy treatments. Finally when there are treatment changes or new genomics is identified – the nutrition personalization needs re-evaluation.

The addon nutrition personalization solution makes the decision making easy and removes all the guesswork in answering the question, “What foods should I choose or not choose for Adamantinoma?”. The addon multi-disciplinary team includes cancer physicians, clinical scientists, software engineers and data scientists. 

References

1) Pancan Pcawg 2020

2) Pan-cancer analysis of whole genomes.

3) Vitamin C enhances epigenetic modifications induced by 5-azacytidine and cell cycle arrest in the hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines HLE and Huh7.

4) β-Sitosterol and Gemcitabine Exhibit Synergistic Anti-pancreatic Cancer Activity by Modulating Apoptosis and Inhibiting Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Deactivating Akt/GSK-3β Signaling.

5) Curcumin inhibits the growth via Wnt/β-catenin pathway in non-small-cell lung cancer cells.

6) Protective versus promotional effects of white tea and caffeine on PhIP-induced tumorigenesis and beta-catenin expression in the rat.

7) Eugenol potentiates cisplatin anti-cancer activity through inhibition of ALDH-positive breast cancer stem cells and the NF-κB signaling pathway.

8) Varvarousis DN et al, in vivo, 2021, DOI

9) https://doi.org/10.21873/invivo.12600
10) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538175